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January 6, 1999 · Piper PA-22-108 · N4542Z

Perry, GA

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
January 6, 1999
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (1 uninjured)
Location
Perry, GA
Aircraft
Piper PA-22-108
Tail Number
N4542Z
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
MIA99LA065

The pilot stated that shortly after takeoff while climbing through 200 feet, the engine rpm decreased to 1,500 rpm. He changed the throttle settings which had no effect and unable to maintain altitude, he maneuvered the airplane for a forced landing at a nearby sod farm. The airplane stalled, and landed hard just short of the intended touchdown location then nosed over. Examination of the airplane and engine by an FAA Airworthiness Inspector revealed that the fuel selector valve was improperly assembled; no detents could be felt. Also, cold differential compression readings for cylinder Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 were recorded to be 20, 19, 54, and 5 psi respectively. The No. 2 cylinder valves were adjusted and the cold compression reading increased to 50 plus psi. Fire damage was noted to the back side of the induction air filter assembly. The carburetor was found to contain a two-piece venturi when by an airworthiness directive, a one-piece venturi is required. The maintenance records indicated that a one-piece venturi was installed. The records also indicated that the rocker arms were adjusted on April 21, 1997. The airplane had accumulated approximately 85 hours since then at the time of the accident.

NTSB Probable Cause

The maintenance personnel incorrect adjustment of the intake and exhaust valves resulting in the induction system fire and subsequent loss of engine power.

Full Narrative

On January 6, 1999, about 1130 eastern standard time, a Piper PA-22-108, N4542Z, registered to a private individual, landed hard then nosed over during a forced landing shortly after takeoff from Middle Georgia Airport, Perry, Georgia. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed for the 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight. The airplane was substantially damaged and the private-rated pilot, the sole occupant, was not injured. The flight was originating at the time of the accident. The pilot stated that before departure, a total of 10 gallons of automotive fuel were added to the fuel tanks; 5 gallons into the left and right fuel tanks. He then performed a preflight with no discrepancies noted. After takeoff while climbing through 200 feet, the engine rpm decreased to 1,500 rpm. He pumped the throttle, which had no effect. While descending for a forced landing on a nearby sod farm, the airplane stalled, landed hard in a field short of the intended touchdown location (sod farm) and nosed over. Examination of the airplane at the accident site by an FAA airworthiness inspector while the airplane was inverted revealed fuel leakage from the right wing fuel tank cap. The airplane owner/pilot reported that during recovery of the airplane, he noted that the carburetor bowl was damaged and the carburetor control was connected at the carburetor. Further examination of the engine following recovery revealed that the differential compression readings (cold) from cylinder Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 20, 19, 54, and 5 psi respectively. The valve adjustment for the No. 2 cylinder was then loosened and the cold differential compression reading increased to 50 plus psi. The fuel selector was determined to be improperly assembled; no detent for each position could be felt. Marks were noted adjacent to the fuel selector which coincided with fuel selector position. Fire damage was noted to the inside portion of the bracket type air filter element, and the sending unit for the right wing fuel tank was improperly installed. With respect to the carburetor, a two-piece venturi was installed, which according to the FAA inspector, was required by Airworthiness Directive to be changed to a one-piece venturi. Review of the maintenance records revealed an entry dated April 21, 1997, which indicates that all valve rocker arms were adjusted and a one-piece venturi was installed. The airplane had accumulated approximately 85 hours since the valve adjustment at the time of the accident.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time11:30 EST
Nearest AirportMiddle Georgia Airport (0nm)
Runway36
Runway Length2500 ft
Runway Width50 ft
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftPiper PA-22-108
Tail NumberN4542Z
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · O-235-C1B · Reciprocating · 108
Seats2

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (1 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured1
Total1
Crew 1Age 56 · Third Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind220° @ 4 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point39 C / 12 C
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time16:53
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data