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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

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February 27, 1994 · Cessna 402 · N681RC

Kivalina, AK

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
February 27, 1994
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (6 uninjured)
Location
Kivalina, AK
Aircraft
Cessna 402
Tail Number
N681RC
Operator
Baker Aviation
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
ANC94LA035

THE PILOT LANDED AT NIGHT ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE RUNWAY WITH A 19 KT CROSSWIND COMPONENT FROM THE LEFT. DURING THE LANDING ROLL, THE AIRPLANE BEGAN TO DRIFT LEFT TOWARD DRIFTING SNOW, AND SUDDENLY VEERED LEFT AND DEPARTED THE LEFT SIDE OF THE RUNWAY. THE RUNWAY WAS PLOWED IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE ACCIDENT. THE PILOT STATED HE HIT A SNOW DRIFT DURING LANDING.

NTSB Probable Cause

THE PILOT'S INADEQUATE COMPENSATION FOR THE WIND CONDITIONS BY LANDING ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE RUNWAY. FACTORS WERE: INADEQUATE SNOW REMOVAL AND THE SNOW COVERED RUNWAY.

Full Narrative

On February 26, 1994, at 2122 Alaska standard time, a wheel equipped Cessna 402 airplane, N681RC, registered to and operated by Baker Aviation of Kotzebue, Alaska, collapsed the left main and nose landing gear after landing at Kivalina, Alaska. The personal flight, operating under 14 CFR Part 91, departed Kotzebue and the destination was Kivalina. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a visual flight rules flight plan was filed. The accident occurred during the hours of darkness. There were no injuries to the Pilot-in-Command or 5 passengers and the airplane received substantial damage. According to the Pilot-in-Command, he overflew the runway to perform a visual inspection as called for in the Alaska Supplement. In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2 the Pilot indicates he observed the direction of the wind but he does not mention the runway condition. He further stated that he touchdown on the first one third of the runway and the airplane began drifting to the left. He applied control corrections but the airplane continued to drift left and departed the left side of the runway. According to one passenger, the wind was blowing from the north because of the crab angle of the airplane. He further stated the airplane landed close to the left hand side of the runway. After landing the airplane began to veer to the left and then departed the left side of the runway. According to the Operator, the pilot overflew the runway before landing. During the landing rollout, about midway down the runway, the airplane struck a snowdrift and collapsed the left main and nose landing gear. The pilot did not see the snowdrift. According to a video tape provided by the company, taken the next morning, the runway was snow covered and packed. The tracks on the left side of the runway show that the runway was recently plowed, further evidenced by the location of the snowplow tracks which go around the tail of the airplane. The video tape also shows snow drifts, which appeared after the runway was plowed and after the accident, that extend from the runway lights into the runway approximately 15 feet. The accident occurred during the hours of darkness. The crosswind component for this landing was 19 knots from the left side.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time16:22 AKST
Nearest AirportKIVALINA (0nm)
Runway12
Runway Length3000 ft
Runway Width75 ft
Flight Plan FiledVFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftCessna 402
Tail NumberN681RC
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorBaker Aviation
Operating RulePart 91
Engines2
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsContinental · TSIO-520-VB · Reciprocating · 325
Seats10

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (6 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured6
Total6
Crew 1Age 30 · First Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDark Night
Wind20° @ 20 kt
Visibility7 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point-6 C / 0 C
Altimeter0
Weather SourcePILO

Appendix: Source Data