Premium research interface

The modern interface for aviation safety intelligence.

Search investigations, review source evidence, monitor watched reports, and trace long-term patterns from one calm, data-first workspace.

63k+
Reports indexed
1940-2026
Coverage
Recent
Last data refresh
Featured Report

Loading…

Loading featured report…

Loading…
Open Report

Safety trends by operating rule

Track fatal and non-fatal accident patterns across Part 91, Part 135, and Part 121 operations.

Loading trend charts…

Browse the aviation graph

Move quickly by aircraft, airport, operator, and time with indexes built for research, not wandering.

Last Data Update

By Decade

By Month

Aircraft Manufacturer

More manufacturers

Airports

More airports

Operators

More operators

About

Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

The goal is practical safety education: make it faster to find relevant investigations, compare similar events, review factual records, and understand the evidence behind probable-cause and preliminary reports.

The investigative work and source records belong to the National Transportation Safety Board and the published investigation record. This site is not affiliated with or endorsed by the NTSB.

FAQs

NTSB Report

March 12, 1994 · Head Balloons AX9-118 · N45289

Sedona, AZ

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
March 12, 1994
Injury Outcomes
2 injuries (1 serious injury, 1 minor injury), 3 uninjured
Location
Sedona, AZ
Aircraft
Head Balloons AX9-118
Tail Number
N45289
Operator
Northern Light Balloon Expedit
Injuries
Serious
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
LAX94LA162

The pilot was descending to about 400 feet agl to give the passengers a better view of the surroundings and the burner pilot light went out. The pilot said he tried unsuccessfully to relight it up until ground impact. The balloon consisted of a Head AX9-118 envelope attached to a Balloon Works 5.5 basket, which included a Balloon Works Mirage F-1 burner. The installed propane gas regulator was found to be a Marshall Brass Company model 300. The envelope and basket, produced by different manufacturers, were combined together in accordance with STC SL1748. The burner tested to factory specification. The regulator was the incorrect part for the burner. Functional testing of the regulator found that it flowed at 8 psi. The correct regulator is a Marshall Brass model 301 which has a specified pressure range of 18 to 25 psi. According to Balloon Works, low regulator pressure might make reigniting the pilot lights and burners difficult once snuffed out in flight.

NTSB Probable Cause

the failure of the pilot lights and burners to relight in flight once extinguished due to the installation of an incorrect gas pressure regulator.

Full Narrative

On March 12, 1994, at 0730 mountain standard time, a Head AX9-118 balloon, N45289, collided with the ground during an unarrested descent near Sedona, Arizona. The balloon was operated by Northern Light Balloon Expeditions of Sedona, Arizona, and was engaged in for hire sightseeing operations. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed. The balloon sustained a 30-foot envelope tear in the ground collision sequence when it became entangled in trees. The certificated commercial balloon pilot and two passengers were not injured; however, one passenger sustained serious injuries consisting of fractured ankle and foot bones and one passenger incurred minor injuries. The flight originated from a field near Sedona on the day of the mishap at 0705 hours as a local area flight. In a telephone interview, the pilot reported that he intended to descend while in cruise flight to about 400 feet agl to give the passengers a better view of the surroundings. As the balloon was descending, the burner pilot light went out. The pilot said that he attempted unsuccessfully to relight the pilot light up until ground impact. Examination of the balloon determined that it consisted of a Head AX9-118 envelope attached to a Balloon Works 5.5 basket, which included a Balloon Works Mirage F-1 burner, serial number 077. The installed propane gas regulator was found to be a Marshall Brass Company model 300. The envelope and basket, produced by different manufacturers, were combined together in accordance with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) SL1748 on October 27, 1993. The burner and regulator were removed from the balloon and sent to the Balloon Works company in Statesville, North Carolina, for functional testing under the supervision of an FAA airworthiness inspector. The burner was tested to factory specification. The regulator was found to be the incorrect part for the Mirage F-1 burner. Functional testing of the regulator determined that it flowed at 8 psi, with a maximum adjustment range of 11.5 psi. According to FAA approved Balloon Works engineering drawings, the correct regulator for the Mirage burner is a Marshall Brass Company model 301, part number 301-18. The model 301 regulator has a Balloon Works Company specified pressure range of 18 to 25 psi. According to a Balloon Works company representative, low regulator pressure might make reigniting the pilot lights and burners difficult once snuffed out in flight.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time07:30 MST
Nearest Airport0nm
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftHead Balloons AX9-118
Tail NumberN45289
Aircraft CategoryBall
DamageSubstantial
OperatorNorthern Light Balloon Expedit
Operating RulePart 91
Engine TypeUnknown
Engine DetailsUnknown
Seats0

People & Injuries

Injury Summary2 injuries (1 serious injury, 1 minor injury), 3 uninjured
Fatal0
Serious1
Minor1
Uninjured3
Total5
Crew 1Age 55 · Second Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
WindCalm
Visibility60 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point55 / 0 C
Altimeter0
Weather SourcePILO

Appendix: Source Data