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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

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NTSB Report

April 17, 1994 · Pitts S-2A · N54TA

Kahuku, HI

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
April 17, 1994
Injury Outcomes
1 injury (1 fatality)
Location
Kahuku, HI
Aircraft
Pitts S-2A
Tail Number
N54TA
Operator
Tsunami Aviation Hawaii
Injuries
Fatal
Aircraft Damage
Destroyed
NTSB Number
LAX94LA194

A PITTS S-2A COLLIDED WITH THE SURFACE OF THE OCEAN DURING AN ACROBATIC DISPLAY. THE PILOT WAS PERFORMING A WEEKLY AIR SHOW FOR GUESTS OF A WATERFRONT HOTEL. THE AIRPLANE WAS DOING SLOW ROLLS ALONG THE SHORELINE AT AN ALTITUDE OF 200 TO 300 FEET. AFTER COMPLETING TWO ROLLS, THE AIRPLANE SLOWLY ROLLED INVERTED AND DESCENDED INTO THE WATER IN AN ARCING FLIGHT PATH. THE AIRPLANE'S ENGINE WAS HEARD TO ACCELERATE SECONDS BEFORE HITTING THE WATER. THERE WERE NO REPORTS OF MECHANICAL FAILURE OR MALFUNCTIONS BY WITNESSES. THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMPANY THAT EMPLOYED THE PILOT INDICATED THAT IN THE PAST HE HAD TALKED TO THE PILOT ABOUT THE ACROBATIC MANEUVERS IN THE SHOW. ACCORDING TO THE PRESIDENT, THE PILOT HAD STATED ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS THAT, 'YOU SHOULD NEVER DO MORE THAN 2 ROLLS AT A TIME BECAUSE YOU WOULD BECOME TOO EASILY DISORIENTED.'

NTSB Probable Cause

THE FAILURE OF THE PILOT TO MAINTAIN AIRCRAFT CONTROL DUE TO SPATIAL DISORIENTATION WHILE PERFORMING AN ACROBATIC ROUTINE. A FACTOR IN THE ACCIDENT WAS THE LOW ALTITUDE AT WHICH THE PILOT WAS PERFORMING THE ACROBATIC MANEUVERS.

Full Narrative

On April 17, 1994, at 1246 hours Hawaiian standard time, a Pitts S-2A, N54TA, collided with the surface of the Pacific Ocean near Kahuku, Hawaii, during an acrobatic display. The airplane was being operated by Tsunami Aviation Hawaii, Inc., Kailua, Hawaii. The airplane was destroyed by impact forces. The certificated commercial pilot was fatally injured. The flight originated from Dillingham Field, Mokuleia, Hawaii, about 1230 hours. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. The pilot was performing a weekly air show for guests of the Turtle Bay Hilton Hotel. According to witnesses, the airplane was doing slow rolls along the shoreline. After completing two rolls at an altitude of 200 to 300 feet, the airplane slowly rolled inverted and descended into the water in an arcing flight path. The witnesses heard the airplane's engine accelerate, followed by the airplane hitting the water. One witness, a surfer, had an unobstructed view of the accident. From his vantage point on the water, the surfer indicated the airplane came straight down from about 200 feet. He did not think there was a mechanical problem with the plane. The president of Tsunami Aviation Hawaii, Inc., indicated that the pilot was experienced in performing the show, having completing about 45 shows in the past year. The president indicated that in the past he had talked to the pilot about the acrobatic maneuvers in the show. According to the president, the pilot had stated on several occasions that, "you should never do more than 2 rolls at a time because you would become too easily disoriented."

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time12:46 HST
Nearest Airport0nm
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftPitts S-2A
Tail NumberN54TA
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageDestroyed
OperatorTsunami Aviation Hawaii
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · AEIO-540 · Reciprocating · 260
Seats2

People & Injuries

Injury Summary1 injury (1 fatality)
Fatal1
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured0
Total1
Crew 1Age 43 · Second Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind45° @ 15 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point0 C / 0 C
Altimeter0
Weather SourceWIT

Appendix: Source Data