Premium research interface

The modern interface for aviation safety intelligence.

Search investigations, review source evidence, monitor watched reports, and trace long-term patterns from one calm, data-first workspace.

63k+
Reports indexed
1940-2026
Coverage
Recent
Last data refresh
Featured Report

Loading…

Loading featured report…

Loading…
Open Report

Safety trends by operating rule

Track fatal and non-fatal accident patterns across Part 91, Part 135, and Part 121 operations.

Loading trend charts…

Browse the aviation graph

Move quickly by aircraft, airport, operator, and time with indexes built for research, not wandering.

Last Data Update

By Decade

By Month

Aircraft Manufacturer

More manufacturers

Airports

More airports

Operators

More operators

About

Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

The goal is practical safety education: make it faster to find relevant investigations, compare similar events, review factual records, and understand the evidence behind probable-cause and preliminary reports.

The investigative work and source records belong to the National Transportation Safety Board and the published investigation record. This site is not affiliated with or endorsed by the NTSB.

FAQs

NTSB Report

May 28, 1994 · Piper PA-22-150 · N6153D

Toronto, OH

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
May 28, 1994
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (1 uninjured)
Location
Toronto, OH
Aircraft
Piper PA-22-150
Tail Number
N6153D
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
NYC94LA100

THE PILOT ARRIVED BACK AT HIS DEPARTURE AIRPORT AFTER A LOCAL FLIGHT, AND SELECTED RUNWAY 16 TO LAND ON. THE PILOT FLEW THE TRAFFIC PATTERN AND LANDED HARD ON THE NOSE WHEEL WHICH COLLAPSED. THE NOSE WHEEL STRUT DUG INTO THE GRASS AND THE AIRPLANE NOSED OVER. THE PILOT STATED THAT HE ENCOUNTERED SEVERE WIND SHEAR ON FINAL. THE WINDS REPORTED AT AN AIRPORT 17 MILES AWAY WERE FROM 240 DEGREES AT 6 KNOTS.

NTSB Probable Cause

the pilot's improper flare, which resulted in the nose gear collapsing and the subsequent nose over of the airplane.

Full Narrative

On May 28, 1994, about 1040 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-22, N6153D, owned and piloted by Daniel N. MacLean, was substantially damaged during landing at the Eddie Dew Memorial Airport, Toronto, Ohio. The pilot was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. A flight plan had not been filed for the flight operating under 14 CFR 91. In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, the pilot stated that after a local flight, he was enroute back to his departure airport. Arriving at his destination he flew the traffic pattern to observe the wind sock, and determined that runway 16 would be his runway of choice. He further stated: "...On final approach, airspeed indicated 80 mph. Just short of the threshold a severe gust of wind from the right lifted the wing. I attempted to correct the drift to the left and about 25 feet from the ground I encountered a severe wind shear or a shift of wind from the tail, at which time the aircraft dropped to the runway, the nose wheel broke off and the Oleo strut dug into the grass and upset the aircraft onto its top..." According to a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector who interviewed the pilot: "...[The pilot] said that a gust of wind caught him and nosed him over into the ground. Mr. MacLean said there was a lot of turbulence at the airport the day of his crash and was a contributing factor...[the pilot] said that when you are within approximately 30 to 40 feet of the ground all the turbulence abates. I have personally flown this model aircraft and found that 75 MPH on final is a little slow for me...It is my opinion that Mr. MacLean either stalled the aircraft on final approach or developed an excessively high rate of sink that he could not arrest before landing...turbulence does not appear to have caused the accident. Mr.MacLean has relatively little flight experience and I believe that lack of experience was a contributing factor..." The winds at an airport, 17 miles from the accident site, were reported as 240 degrees at 6 knots.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time10:40 EDT
Nearest AirportEddie Dew Memorial (0nm)
Runway16
Runway Length2228 ft
Runway Width150 ft
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftPiper PA-22-150
Tail NumberN6153D
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · O-320 · Reciprocating · 150
Seats4

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (1 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured1
Total1
Crew 1Age 64 · Third Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind240° @ 6 kt
Visibility20 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point61 F / 43 C
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time14:45
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data