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July 30, 1994 · Cessna 182P · N20707

Livermore, CA

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
July 30, 1994
Injury Outcomes
1 injury (1 serious injury)
Location
Livermore, CA
Aircraft
Cessna 182P
Tail Number
N20707
Operator
Wayne J Mooneyham
Injuries
Serious
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
LAX94LA301

During climbout, the engine began to run rough. The pilot switched the fuel selector from the both to the right position and attempted to make a 180-degree turn back to the airport, but did not have sufficient power or altitude available to reach the runway. Witnesses reported that the aircraft stalled at low altitude and impacted in an open field approximately 500 feet short of the runway departure end. After the crash, fuel was observed seeping from the left main fuel tank vent line. Recovery personnel drained about 15 gallons of fuel from the left main tank. The aircraft's fuel selector switch was positioned on the right main fuel tank. There was no visible fuel in that tank. No mechanical abnormalities were identified during an examination of the engine and related systems. There were no leaks or blockages found in any of the fuel lines or either tank.

NTSB Probable Cause

THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN AN ADEQUATE AIRSPEED MARGIN WHILE MANEUVERING AND HIS SUBSEQUENT ENTRY INTO AN INADVERTENT STALL/MUSH. A FACTOR WAS FUEL STARVATION DUE TO THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO SELECT THE PROPER FUEL TANK.

Full Narrative

On July 30, 1994, at 1455 Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 182P, N20707, sustained substantial damage during a forced landing at Livermore, California. The aircraft was operated and flown by the owner and was on a personal cross-country flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan had been filed. The certificated airline transport pilot sustained serious injuries. The flight originated from the Reid-Hillview airport San Jose, California, at 0545 on the day of the accident and had made an enroute stop in Livermore. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT), local controller reported that the aircraft departed Livermore Municipal airport on runway 25R, climbing to about 500 feet agl. The pilot stated that his engine began to run rough during the climb out. He switched his fuel selector from the "both" position to "right" and made a distress call on the tower frequency. The local controller cleared the aircraft to land on runway 7L. The pilot attempted to make a 180-degree turn back to the airport; however, he said he did not have sufficient power or altitude available to reach the runway. Witnesses reported that the aircraft appeared to stall at low altitude then impacted in an open field approximately 500 feet short of the departure end runway. An FAA inspector examined the aircraft after the accident and reported that fuel was seeping from the left main fuel tank vent line. He observed recovery personnel drain approximately 15 gallons of fuel from the left main tank into temporary storage containers. The inspector also reported that the aircraft's fuel selector valve was positioned on the right main fuel tank. During a visual inspection of the right main fuel tank, he was unable to detect any visible fuel. A post accident inspection of the aircraft revealed no mechanical engine or related system abnormalities. Further inspection of the aircraft fuel system revealed that the carburetor bowl was full of what appeared to be automotive fuel. The bowl was free of visible contaminants and the main carburetor jet was unobstructed. The gascolator drain was found jammed partially open and approximately 1/4 inch of fuel was in the gascolator bowl. The gascolator bowl was free of visible contaminants. The fuel line between the fuel selector and the common feed line from the right tank was crushed and buckled near the selector valve. There were no leaks or blockages found in any of the fuel lines or either tank. The aircraft owner's manual states that the capacity of each main tank is 32.5 gallons with 2.5 gallons unusable. The manufacturers representative stated that the final position of the aircraft after the mishap with a left wing low, nose low attitude, would be sufficient to allow previously unusable fuel in the right tank to flow from that tank through the selector to the carburetor.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time14:55 PDT
Nearest AirportLivermore Municipal (0nm)
Runway25R
Runway Length5255 ft
Runway Width100 ft
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftCessna 182P
Tail NumberN20707
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorWayne J Mooneyham
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsContinental · O-470-R · Reciprocating · 230
Seats4

People & Injuries

Injury Summary1 injury (1 serious injury)
Fatal0
Serious1
Minor0
Uninjured0
Total1
Crew 1Age 56 · First Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind270° @ 8 kt
Visibility25 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point0 C / 0 C
Altimeter29.00 inHg
Observation Time21:55
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data