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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

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NTSB Report

September 10, 1994 · Cessna 195 B · N3091B

Richmond, VA

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
September 10, 1994
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (4 uninjured)
Location
Richmond, VA
Aircraft
Cessna 195 B
Tail Number
N3091B
Operator
Elizabeth a Copland-Leckey
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
NYC94LA177

THE AIRPLANE GROUND LOOPED DURING THE LANDING ROLL. THE PILOT REPORTED: ' . . . I DID NOT RECOGNIZE MY LEVEL OF FATIGUE FROM A DIFFICULT AND LONG FLIGHT. AFTER BEGINNING THE APPROACH . . . I FOUND MYSELF SLIGHTLY LOW ON FINAL. WITH THE ADDITION OF POWER TO SLOW THE DESCENT, MY FINAL APPROACH SPEED WAS HIGHER THAN NEEDED. THE TOUCHDOWN WAS FAST, AND THE AIRPLANE BOUNCED. I WAS UNABLE TO MAINTAIN DIRECTIONAL CONTROL, AND THE AIRPLANE GROUNDLOOPED . . . '

NTSB Probable Cause

The pilot's failure to maintain directional control which resulted in a ground loop. Contributing factors are excessive airspeed, fatigue, and improper recovery from a bounced landing.

Full Narrative

On September 10, 1994, at 1422 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 195, N3091B, operated by Elizabeth A. Copland-Leckey, of Ann Arbor, Michigan, ground looped while landing at Richmond Airport, Richmond, Virginia. The pilot and three passengers were not injured. The airplane received substantial damage. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and the flight was operated on an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plan under 14 CFR Part 91. The pilot reported the flight originated in Ann Arbor, with a fuel stop in Zanesville, Ohio. Upon arrival at Richmond, she was cleared for a visual approach to runway 2. In the NTSB Accident Report, the pilot stated: ...I did not recognize my level of fatigue from a difficult and long flight. After beginning the approach...I found myself slightly low on final. With the addition of power to slow the descent, my final approach speed was higher than needed. The touchdown was fast, and the airplane bounced. I was unable to maintain direction control and the airplane groundlooped.... The pilot reported the winds as light and variable. The airplane was examined by FAA Airworthiness Inspector Bob Culberson, from the Richmond Flight Standards District Office. He reported the left wing was bent up about 4 feet from the tip and the left landing gear was ripped out and folded under the fuselage. In addition there were wrinkles on the left side of the fuselage. The pilot held a private pilot certificate with an instrument rating. She reported her total time as 725 hours and 25 hours flown in the preceding 90 days. She reported her total time in the Cessna 195 as 60 hours, with 12 hours in the preceding 90 days, and 4 1/2 hours on the day of the accident.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time14:22 EDT
Nearest AirportRICHMOND (0nm)
Runway2
Runway Length5653 ft
Runway Width150 ft
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftCessna 195 B
Tail NumberN3091B
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorElizabeth a Copland-Leckey
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsJacobs · R-775B-2 · Reciprocating · 275
Seats4

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (4 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured4
Total4
Crew 1Age 42 · Third Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
WindCalm
Visibility6 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point0 C
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time18:22
Weather SourcePILO

Appendix: Source Data