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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

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NTSB Report

April 17, 1995 · Douglas C54GDC · N898AL

Kivalina, AK

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
April 17, 1995
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (2 uninjured)
Location
Kivalina, AK
Aircraft
Douglas C54GDC
Tail Number
N898AL
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
ANC95LA046

THE FOUR ENGINE TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANE WAS CARRYING A LOAD OF FUEL OIL FOR DISTRIBUTION TO THE VILLAGE OF KIVALINA. THE PILOT REPORTED HE FLEW OVER THE 3,000' LONG BY 60' WIDE STRIP PRIOR TO LANDING, AND NOTED IN THE CENTER OF THE RUNWAY SOME GRAVEL WAS VISIBLE THROUGH A LAYER OF SURROUNDING SNOW. HE SAID HE COULD NOT SEE ANY SNOW BANKS OR DEEPER SNOW IN THE LANDING AREA, AND AVAILABLE NOTICES TO AIRMEN DID NOT MENTION ANY SNOW BANKS OR SNOW BERMS ON THE RUNWAY. THE PILOT SAID THE AIRPLANE LANDED NEAR THE THRESHOLD AND ON THE CENTER LINE, BUT, THE LEFT MAIN LANDING GEAR SOON ENCOUNTERED A SNOW BERM AND THE AIRPLANE WAS PULLED TO THE LEFT. THE AIRPLANE SUBSEQUENTLY IMPACTED OTHER SNOW BERMS ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE RUNWAY AND THE NOSE LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED. THE U.S. GOVERNMENT'S SUPPLEMENT FOR ALASKA AIRPORTS, FOR THE KIVALINA AIRPORT, STATES, IN PART: UNATTENDED. CAUTION: RWY CONDITION NOT MONITORED, RECOMMEND VISUAL INSPECTION PRIOR TO USING.

NTSB Probable Cause

THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO IDENTIFY A HAZARDOUS LANDING AREA. FACTORS IN THE ACCIDENT ARE THE PRESENCE OF SNOW BANKS/BERMS ON THE RUNWAY, AND THE INADEQUATE SNOW REMOVAL BY AIRPORT PERSONNEL.

Full Narrative

On April 17, 1995, about 1300 Alaska daylight time, a Douglas C54GDC airplane, N898AL, sustained substantial damage while landing at the Kivalina Airport, Kivalina, Alaska. Neither the airline transport certificated captain, the commercial certificated copilot, or the company employee jump seat rider were injured. The 14 CFR Part 91 flight was being operated in visual meteorological conditions. A company flight plan was filed. The airplane was hauling fuel oil to be distributed at Kivalina. The pilot reported in his written report to the NTSB that he had checked with the Galena Federal Aviation Administration Flight Service Station prior to departing for Kivalina. He said the only Notice To Airmen he received for Kivalina was that the runway had thin, packed snow on it. Upon reaching Kivalina, the pilot said he overflew the runway, and saw that, "...some of the runway lights were visible, none of the snow berms or snow drifts were visible. A little gravel was showing on the center line of the runway. Because of the time of day, there were no shades or any other indications of the height of the snow surrounding the runway..." The pilot's statement continues: "Shortly after touchdown (within 200' of the threshold and on the centerline) we hit with the left main gear a snow drift which pulled the airplane to the left. Staying a little left of the centerline we hit several more snow berms with the left main gear...the last snow berm we hit made the airplane pivot to the left stopping in the packed snow pointing approximately 70 degrees to the left from the runway heading with the left main just outside the runway lights and the right main inside the lights. The impact took out the nose gear and damaged the nose section of the aircraft." The U.S. Government Alaska Airport Supplement, under Kivalina, Airport Remarks, states, in part: Unattended. CAUTION: RWY condition not monitored, recommend visual inspection prior to using. The Kivalina Airport is owned by the State of Alaska, and runway maintenance is delegated to the City of Kivalina via a contractual agreement. The portion of the contract agreement pertaining to snow removal is appended.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time13:00 AKDT
Nearest AirportKIVALINA (0nm)
Runway12
Runway Length3000 ft
Runway Width60 ft
Flight Plan FiledVFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftDouglas C54GDC
Tail NumberN898AL
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
Operating RulePart 91
Engines4
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsP&W · R-2000 · Reciprocating · 1450
Seats3

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (2 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured2
Total2
Crew 1Age 25 · First Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind45° @ 12 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point10 C / 7 C
Altimeter29.00 inHg
Weather SourcePILO

Appendix: Source Data