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NTSB Report

February 4, 1996 · Mcdonnell Douglas MD-88 · N957DL

Denver, CO

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
February 4, 1996
Injury Outcomes
1 injury (1 minor injury), 119 uninjured
Location
Denver, CO
Aircraft
Mcdonnell Douglas MD-88
Tail Number
N957DL
Operator
Delta Air Lines
Injuries
Minor
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
FTW96LA111

The captain said he flew what he considered to be a normal, stabilized approach, using 28 degrees of flaps and a Vref speed of 133 knots plus 5 knots. He flared the airplane over the runway and realized the sink rate was not being arrested as desired. He made a more 'aggressive' pull on the control yoke while advancing the thrust levers a 'significant amount.' The airplane landed hard, sustaining substantial damage. DFDR readout disclosed that the airspeed remained above Vref+5 knots until, at a radio altimeter altitude of 238 feet, it was 138.75 knots; thereafter, it began to drop. When the airplane touched down on the runway, airspeed was 124.75 knots, and the pitch attitude was 10.62 degrees nose up. There was a +5.54 'G' vertical acceleration spike.

NTSB Probable Cause

Failure of the pilot to maintain sufficient airspeed to properly flare the airplane during the landing.

Full Narrative

On February 4, 1996, at 1647 mountain standard time, a McDonnell Douglas MD-88, N957DL, operated by Delta Air Lines, Inc., as flight 1879, scheduled domestic passenger service under Title 14 CFR Part 121, sustained substantial damage during a hard landing at Denver International Airport. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time, and an IFR flight plan had been filed. The captain, first officer, two flight attendants, and 115 passengers were not injured, but one flight attendant did sustain a minor injury. The flight originated at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, Texas, approximately 1 hour, 44 minutes before the accident. According to the captain's statement, he flew what he considered to be a normal, stabilized approach, using 28 degrees of flaps and a VREF speed of 133 knots plus 5 knots. He flared the airplane over the runway and realized the sink rate was not being arrested as desired. He made a more "aggressive" pull on the control yoke while advancing the thrust levers "a significant amount. A very firm touchdown occurred." Examination disclosed damage to the tail bumper and wrinkled skin. Readout of the airplane's digital flight data recorder (DFDR) disclosed subframes 1584 through 1589 contained the accident data, with subframe 1587 containing the runway contact data. The readout showed airspeed remained above VREF+5 up until subframe 1568, when, at a radio altimeter altitude of 238 feet, it was at 138.75 knots; thereafter, it began to drop. When the airplane touched down on the runway, airspeed was 124.75 knots, and the pitch attitude was 10.62 degrees nose up. There was a +5.54 vertical acceleration spike (see attached DFDR factual report).

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time16:47 MST
Nearest AirportDenver International (0nm)
Runway35L
Runway Length12000 ft
Runway Width150 ft
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftMcdonnell Douglas MD-88
Tail NumberN957DL
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorDelta Air Lines
Operating RulePart 121
Engines2
Engine TypeTurbofan
Engine DetailsP&W · JT8D-219 · Turbofan · 15500
Seats150

People & Injuries

Injury Summary1 injury (1 minor injury), 119 uninjured
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor1
Uninjured119
Total120
Crew 1Age 48 · First Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind330° @ 8 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point48 / 12 C
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time23:53
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data