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NTSB Report

September 24, 1998 · Convair 240 · N91237

Loiza, PR

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
September 24, 1998
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (3 uninjured)
Location
Loiza, PR
Aircraft
Convair 240
Tail Number
N91237
Operator
Trans Florida Airlines
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
ATL98LA129

During the initial takeoff roll, there was a fluctuation of Brake Mean Engine Pressure (BMEP—a measurement of engine output) on #2 engine, and the pilot elected to abort the takeoff. The pilot completed two additional engine run-ups, and no abnormalities were noted. During the second attempted takeoff, and as the airplane climbed through 200 feet MSL, a loud bang or backfire from the #2 engine was heard. BMEP fluctuated and dropped showing about 150 BMEP difference with engine #1. The engine oil temperature started to rise rapidly, the engine oil pressure dropped and the airplane started to vibrate. The first officer reduced the #2 engine to 'dry' power, upon which a second bang or backfire was heard from the #2 engine. The #2 propeller was then feathered by the First Officer. Since altitude could not be maintained, the pilot ditched the airplane in the salt water lagoon. An FAA Inspector who examined the crash site noted that the right engine propeller was not fully feathered, and the wing flaps were extended about three degrees. The airplane was recovered from the water 70 days after the accident. The flight crew completed the engine out emergency procedure in accordance with the prescribed checklist.

NTSB Probable Cause

The loss of power in the No. 2 engine for undetermined reasons, and the inability of the pilot to establish a climb and/or maintain altitude. A factor was the incompletely feathered No. 2 propeller..

Full Narrative

On September 24, 1998, about 1319 atlantic standard time, a Convair 240, N91237, collided with water about two miles short of runway 28 near Luis Munoz Marin International Airport in Loiza, Puerto Rico. The airplane was operated by Trans Florida Airlines as Flight 237, under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 121, and Visual Flight Rules (VFR). Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a VFR flight plan was filed. The Airline Transport Pilot (ATP), First Officer, and one passenger was not injured, and the airplane received substantial damage. The cargo flight departed Luis Munoz Marin International Airport enroute to Santiago, Cuba, at 1315 AST. According to the pilot-in-command, after a normal pre-flight inspection and an engine run-up, he began the takeoff roll. During the takeoff roll, there was a fluctuation of Brake Mean Engine Pressure (BMEP-a measurement of engine output), on #2 engine. At this point the pilot elected to abort the takeoff. The airplane was brought back to a hangar where a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Airworthiness Inspector boarded the aircraft and witnessed another engine run-up with no abnormalities noted. The pilot then stated, the airplane was taxied to the departure runway where a third engine run-up was performed with no abnormalities noted. The pilot stated, after take off, as the airplane climbed through 200 feet MSL, he heard a loud bang or back fire from the #2 engine, the BMEP indicator fluctuated and dropped showing about 150 BMEP difference with respect to engine #1, oil temperature started to rise rapidly, oil pressure dropped and the airplane started to vibrate. At this point, according to the pilot, he commanded the first officer to reduce the #2 engine to "dry" power, upon which a second bang or backfire was heard from the #2 engine. The #2 propeller was then feathered by the First Officer. The airplane was leveled off at 400 feet MSL where, according to the pilot, in an attempt to return the airplane to the airport, altitude could not be maintained and the airplane was force landed in a salt water lagoon. The airplane came to rest in approximately eight feet of water. The term "dry" power refers to engine power without the use of ADI (anti detonant injection) water injection. This gave the right engine 53 inches of manifold pressure as opposed to 59 inches of manifold pressure available with water injection. An FAA Inspector who examined the crash site noted that the left wing was separated from the fuselage with the left engine in place, the left wing tip was damaged and the tail cone received slight damage. Also noted were that the nacelle flaps appeared to be in the mid-position, the right engine propeller was not fully feathered, and the wing flaps were extended about three degrees. Due to hampered recovery efforts brought about by recently passed Hurricane Georges, the airplane was not recovered from the salt water lagoon for 70 days. The flight crew completed the engine out emergency procedure in accordance with the prescribed checklist.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time13:19 AST
Nearest AirportLuis Munoz Marin Intl (2nm E)
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftConvair 240
Tail NumberN91237
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorTrans Florida Airlines
Operating RulePart 121
Engines2
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsP&W · R-2800 CA3 · Reciprocating · 2400
Seats3

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (3 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured3
Total3
Crew 1Age 41 · First Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind40° @ 14 kt, gusting 18 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Altimeter29.00 inHg
Observation Time17:01
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data