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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

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NTSB Report

November 25, 1998 · Piper PA-28-180 · N7177W

Reno, OH

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
November 25, 1998
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (2 uninjured)
Location
Reno, OH
Aircraft
Piper PA-28-180
Tail Number
N7177W
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
NYC99LA031

The airplane departed on a cross country flight with full fuel tanks. The pilot flight-planned for 4 hours of flight, but after 2 1/2 hours noticed the 'fuel gauges looked unusually low.' He diverted to an airport, and 1/2 hour later, about 2 nautical miles from that airport, the engine lost power. The pilot performed a forced landing to a field. Post flight inspection revealed evidence of slight fuel leakage at the carburetor fuel inlet fitting, a pinhole leak in the fuel primer line, and a very slight fuel stain emanating from the left wing fuel cap. There was no evidence of faulty fuel gauges at low fuel levels. A review of the local sectional aeronautical chart revealed that the pilot selected an airport which was ahead, and along the intended route. However, there were numerous other airports which were closer, and could have been selected, but were not along the intended route.

NTSB Probable Cause

The pilot's disregard of the information provided by the fuel gauges, which resulted in fuel exhaustion. Factors in the accident included leaks in the fuel system, and the pilot's reliance on using timing alone to determine fuel consumption.

Full Narrative

On November 25, 1998, about 1200 Eastern Standard Time, a Piper PA-28-180, N7177W, was substantially damaged during a forced landing near Reno, Ohio. The certificated private pilot and the passenger were uninjured, and visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. No flight plan was filed for the flight between Sussex Airport (FWN), Sussex, New Jersey, and Wood County Airport (PKB), Parkersburg, West Virginia. The personal flight was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. In a statement, the pilot wrote that he originally intended to fly to the St. Louis area, "with a fuel stop at the nearest airport about 4 hours en route." Approximately 2 1/2 hours into the flight, about 20 nautical miles east, northeast of Parkersburg, the pilot noticed the "fuel gauges looked unusually low." He then decided to land at Parkersburg to refuel, and investigate the cause of the high fuel consumption. About 1/2 hour later, approximately 2 nautical miles east northeast of Parkersburg, the airplane ran out of fuel, and the pilot performed the forced landing to a field. In another statement, the pilot noted that the airplane's groundspeed, as calculated by Global Positioning System (GPS), was 100 knots. At that groundspeed, and 1/2 hour prior to the forced landing, the airplane would have been about 50 nautical miles east northeast of Parkersburg. A review of the local sectional aeronautical chart revealed that the pilot selected an airport which was ahead, and along the intended route. However, there were numerous other airports which were closer, and could have been selected, but were not along the intended route. According to the pilot's calculations, during the 3 hours aloft, the airplane should have burned about 27 gallons of the 48 gallons of usable fuel on board. According to a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Inspector, examination of the airplane revealed a "very slight" fuel stain from the left wing fuel cap, which went aft about 2 feet. Fuel was added to the left wing tank, and the boost pump was turned on. With that, a "slight leak seep" was noted at the carburetor filter fitting. There was no leak in the vicinity of the fuel strainer. When the fuel primer was pumped, a pinhole leak was found in the fuel primer line, 3 inches upstream from the carburetor. There was no evidence of faulty fuel gauges at lower fuel tank levels, although the pilot had reported to the FAA Inspector that the left gauge read 3/4 full when the tank was actually full. The Inspector confirmed that both gauges indicated properly when there was no fuel in the tanks.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time12:00 EST
Nearest Airport0nm
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftPiper PA-28-180
Tail NumberN7177W
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · O-360-A3A · Reciprocating · 180
Seats4

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (2 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured2
Total2
Crew 1Age 43 · Third Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind310° @ 3 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingBroken clouds 10000 ft
Temperature / Dew Point54 / 30 C
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time16:53
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data