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NTSB Report
March 18, 1993 · British Aerospace BAE 3101 · N159PC
Beckley, WV
Overview
Report Status
Probable Cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
March 18, 1993
Injury Outcomes
1 injury (1 minor injury), 3 uninjured
Location
Beckley, WV
Aircraft
British Aerospace BAE 3101
Tail Number
N159PC
Operator
Usair Express
Injuries
Minor
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
BFO93FA049
After verifying weather was above minimums for landing, the captain began an ILS runway 19 approach at night in conditions of snow, drizzle & right quartering tailwind. Interviews with the pilots & information on the cockpit voice recorder revealed the approach lights were in sight before reaching the decision height. The pilots stated the airplane touched down 'slightly left of centerline,' then they 'lost sight of the runway edge lights.' At about that time, the airplane touched down on an unplowed portion (side) of the partially plowed runway, about 60' left of the centerline. The landing gear collapsed & the airplane slid to a stop with substantial damage. The pilots had checked NOTAMs & were aware that 130' of the 150' wide runway was plowed, but the NOTAM did not state that plowing was not centered. According to FAA Advisory Circular AC 150/5200-30A, 'details' concerning a partially plowed runway should be reported via NOTAM. The 2' snow banks at the edges of the runway were slightly higher than the runway edge lights.
NTSB Probable Cause
FAILURE OF THE CAPTAIN TO ASSURE PROPER ALIGNMENT WITH THE PLOWED PORTION OF THE RUNWAY (OR PERFORM A MISSED APPROACH). FACTORS RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT WERE: DARKNESS, THE ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITION, INADEQUATE REMOVAL OF SNOW FROM THE RUNWAY WITH SNOW ALONG THE LEFT EDGE OF THE RUNWAY, AND THE LACK OF VISUAL CUES (PERCEPTION) FOR THE PILOT(S).
Full Narrative
AFTER VERIFYING WEATHER WAS ABOVE MINIMUMS FOR LANDING, THE CAPTAIN BEGAN AN ILS RUNWAY 19 APPROACH AT NIGHT IN CONDITIONS OF SNOW, DRIZZLE & RIGHT QUARTERING TAILWIND. INTERVIEWS WITH THE PILOTS & INFORMATION ON THE COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER REVEALED THE APPROACH LIGHTS WERE IN SIGHT BEFORE REACHING THE DECISION HEIGHT. THE PILOTS STATED THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN 'SLIGHTLY LEFT OF CENTERLINE,' THEN THEY 'LOST SIGHT OF THE RUNWAY EDGE LIGHTS.' AT ABOUT THAT TIME, THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN ON AN UNPLOWED PORTION (SIDE) OF THE PARTIALLY PLOWED RUNWAY, ABOUT 60' LEFT OF THE CENTERLINE. THE LANDING GEAR COLLAPSED & THE AIRPLANE SLID TO A STOP WITH SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGED. THE PILOTS HAD CHECKED NOTAMS & WERE AWARE THAT 130' OF THE 150' WIDE RUNWAY WAS PLOWED, BUT THE NOTAM DID NOT STATE THAT PLOWING WAS NOT CENTERED. ACCORDING TO FAA ADVISORY CIRCULAR AC 150/5200-30A, 'DETAILS' CONCERNING A PARTIALLY PLOWED RUNWAY SHOULD BE REPORTED VIA NOTAM. THE 2' SNOW BANKS AT THE EDGES OF THE RUNWAY WERE SLIGHTLY HIGHER THAN THE RUNWAY EDGE LIGHTS.
Flight
Event TypeAccident
Event Time19:11 EST
Nearest AirportRaleigh County (0nm)
Runway19
Runway Length6750 ft
Runway Width150 ft
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo
Aircraft
AircraftBritish Aerospace BAE 3101
Tail NumberN159PC
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorUsair Express
Operating RulePart 135
Engines2
Engine TypeTurboprop
Engine DetailsGarrett · TPE-331 · Turboprop · 1000
Seats21
People & Injuries
Injury Summary1 injury (1 minor injury), 3 uninjured
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor1
Uninjured3
Total4
Crew 1Age 43 · First Class
Conditions
ConditionsIMC
LightDark Night
Wind340° @ 9 kt
Ceiling100 ft
Temperature / Dew Point28 C / 28 C
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time00:08
Weather SourceWFAC