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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

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February 23, 1992 · Christen Industries Eagle II · N24CE

Point Reyes Stn, CA

Overview

Report Status
Probable Cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
February 23, 1992
Injury Outcomes
2 injuries (2 fatalities)
Location
Point Reyes Stn, CA
Aircraft
Christen Industries Eagle II
Tail Number
N24CE
Operator
Raouls Bernard H
Injuries
Fatal
Aircraft Damage
Destroyed
NTSB Number
LAX92LA365

A Christen Eagle II lost control during acrobatic maneuvers, collided with coastal waters and was never recovered. The airplane was observed in a steep climb, did a wing over, and then entered a spin. After 4 to 5 rotations in the spin the airplane started to pull out. The airplane was then observed rotating as if in a spin and simultaneously flipping nose over until its tail struck the water. The pilot's total documented aeronautical experience in the accident airplane make and model was 14 flight hours. Investigators determined that the airplane's weight exceeded the maximum normal and aerobatic allowable gross weight. The center of gravity (CG) exceeded the aft limit of the airplane's aerobatic allowable CG. The airplane flight manual publishes a warning which states in part; 'Pilots must take weight and balance responsibilities seriously. All aircraft must be loaded so that the aircraft CG will remain within safe limits at all times. All spin recovery procedures depend on having the CG remain within design limits.'

NTSB Probable Cause

IMPROPER PREFLIGHT PLANNING BY THE PILOT IN COMMAND BY EXCEEDING THE AIRPLANE'S MAXIMUM ACROBATIC GROSS WEIGHT AND EXCEEDING THE AFT AEROBATIC CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMIT. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE PILOT'S DECISION TO PERFORM ACROBATIC MANEUVERS WHICH RESULTED IN A INADVERTENT STALL FROM WHICH RECOVERY WAS NOT POSSIBLE.

Full Narrative

A CHRISTEN EAGLE II LOST CONTROL DURING ACROBATIC MANEUVERS, COLLIDED WITH COASTAL WATERS AND WAS NEVER RECOVERED. THE AIRPLANE WAS OBSERVED IN A STEEP CLIMB, DID A WING OVER, AND THEN ENTERED A SPIN. AFTER 4 TO 5 ROTATIONS IN THE SPIN THE AIRPLANE STARTED TO PULL OUT. THE AIRPLANE WAS THEN OBSERVED ROTATING AS IF IN A SPIN AND SIMULTANEOUSLY FLIPPING NOSE OVER UNTIL ITS TAIL STRUCK THE WATER. THE PILOT'S TOTAL DOCUMENTED AERONAUTICAL EXPERIENCE IN THE ACCIDENT AIRPLANE MAKE AND MODEL WAS 14 FLIGHT HOURS. INVESTIGATORS DETERMINED THAT THE AIRPLANE'S WEIGHT EXCEEDED THE MAXIMUM NORMAL AND AEROBATIC ALLOWABLE GROSS WEIGHT. THE CENTER OF GRAVITY (CG) EXCEEDED THE AFT LIMIT OF THE AIRPLANE'S AEROBATIC ALLOWABLE CG. THE AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL PUBLISHES A WARNING WHICH STATES IN PART; 'PILOTS MUST TAKE WEIGHT AND BALANCE RESPONSIBILITIES SERIOUSLY. ALL AIRCRAFT MUST BE LOADED SO THAT THE AIRCRAFT CG WILL REMAIN WITHIN SAFE LIMITS AT ALL TIMES. ALL SPIN RECOVERY PROCEDURES DEPEND ON HAVING THE CG REMAIN WITHIN DESIGN LIMITS.'

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time15:45 PST
Nearest Airport0nm N
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireUnknown
Aircraft ExplosionUnknown

Aircraft

AircraftChristen Industries Eagle II
Tail NumberN24CE
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageDestroyed
OperatorRaouls Bernard H
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · IO-360-A1D · Reciprocating · 200
Seats2

People & Injuries

Injury Summary2 injuries (2 fatalities)
Fatal2
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured0
Total2
Crew 1Age 39 · Third Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind320° @ 4 kt
Visibility30 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point68 F / 54
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time23:45
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data