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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

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NTSB Report

April 4, 1991 · Bell 412SP · N78S

Merion, PA

Overview

Report Status
Probable Cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
April 4, 1991
Injury Outcomes
5 injuries (5 fatalities), 7 unknown outcomes
Location
Merion, PA
Aircraft
Bell 412SP
Tail Number
N78S
Operator
Sun
Injuries
Fatal
Aircraft Damage
Destroyed
NTSB Number
DCA91MA031

PIPER AEROSTAR 601, N3645D, WAS ARRG AS BELL 412 (HELICOPTER), N78S, WAS DEPG. N3645D RPRTD THE ACFT'S NOSE GEAR INDCR LGT DID NOT ILLUMINATE TO VERIFY THE NOSE GEAR WAS DWN & LOCKED. CREW OF N78S HEARD THE COM & SAW N3645D AS THEY CROSSEDBENEATH N3645D'S APCH PATH. THEY RPRTD N3645D'S NOSE GEAR APPEARED TO BE EXTDD. N3645D FLEW PAST THE TWR & TWR PSNL ALSORPRTD THE NOSE GEAR APPEARED TO BE EXTDD. AS N3645D WAS CLRD TO TURN DWNWND, N78S OFFERED TO JOIN FOR A CLOSER LOOK. CAPT OF N3645D ACCEPTED THE OFFER. DRG JOINUP, N78S CONVERGED FM LEFT REAR, THEN RPRTD THEY WOULD PASS ARND THE RGT SIDE& LOOK AT EVERYTHING AS THEY WENT BY. THEY RPRTD THAT EVERYTHING LOOKED OK. MOMENTS LTR, THE 2 ACFT COLLIDED & CRASHED TO THE GND. NO MECH RSN WAS FND THAT WOULD HAVE RESULTED IN THE ACDNT. NONE OF THE PLTS HAD TRNG FOR FLT IN CLOSE PROX- IMITY TO ANOTHER ACFT. THERE WERE INDCNS THE CAPT OF N3645D LACKED TRNG IN ACFT SYSTEMS & THAT HIS EMPLOYER (THE OPER) LACKED SURVEILLANCE BY THE FAA. THE EMERG PROC SXN OF THE AEROSTAR FLT MANUAL LACKED INFO ON EMERG GEAR EXTN.

NTSB Probable Cause

THE POOR JUDGEMENT BY THE CAPTAIN OF THE AIRPLANE TO PERMIT THE IN-FLIGHT INSPECTION AFTER HE HAD DETERMINED TO THE BEST OF HIS ABILITY THAT THE NOSE LANDING GEAR WAS FULLY EXTENDED, THE POOR JUDGMENT OF THE CAPTAIN OF THE HELICOPTER TO CONDUCT THE INSPECTION, AND THE FAILURE OF THE FLIGHTCREW OF THE HELICOPTER TO MAINTAIN SAFE SEPARATION. CONTRIBUTINGTO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE INCOMPLETE TRAINING AND CHECKING THAT THE FLIGHTCREW OF N3645D RECEIVED FROM LYCOMING AIR SERVICE AND THE FAA PRINCIPAL OPERATIONS INSPECTOR ASSIGNED TO THE OPERATOR.

Full Narrative

PIPER AEROSTAR 601, N3645D, WAS ARRG AS BELL 412 (HELICOPTER), N78S, WAS DEPG. N3645D RPRTD THE ACFT'S NOSE GEAR INDCR LGT DID NOT ILLUMINATE TO VERIFY THE NOSE GEAR WAS DWN & LOCKED. CREW OF N78S HEARD THE COM & SAW N3645D AS THEY CROSSEDBENEATH N3645D'S APCH PATH. THEY RPRTD N3645D'S NOSE GEAR APPEARED TO BE EXTDD. N3645D FLEW PAST THE TWR & TWR PSNL ALSORPRTD THE NOSE GEAR APPEARED TO BE EXTDD. AS N3645D WAS CLRD TO TURN DWNWND, N78S OFFERED TO JOIN FOR A CLOSER LOOK. CAPT OF N3645D ACCEPTED THE OFFER. DRG JOINUP, N78S CONVERGED FM LEFT REAR, THEN RPRTD THEY WOULD PASS ARND THE RGT SIDE& LOOK AT EVERYTHING AS THEY WENT BY. THEY RPRTD THAT EVERYTHING LOOKED OK. MOMENTS LTR, THE 2 ACFT COLLIDED & CRASHED TO THE GND. NO MECH RSN WAS FND THAT WOULD HAVE RESULTED IN THE ACDNT. NONE OF THE PLTS HAD TRNG FOR FLT IN CLOSE PROX- IMITY TO ANOTHER ACFT. THERE WERE INDCNS THE CAPT OF N3645D LACKED TRNG IN ACFT SYSTEMS & THAT HIS EMPLOYER (THE OPER) LACKED SURVEILLANCE BY THE FAA. THE EMERG PROC SXN OF THE AEROSTAR FLT MANUAL LACKED INFO ON EMERG GEAR EXTN.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time12:10 EST
Nearest Airport0nm N
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledVFR
Aircraft FireGrd
Aircraft ExplosionGrd

Aircraft

AircraftBell 412SP
Tail NumberN78S
Aircraft CategoryHeli
DamageDestroyed
OperatorSun
Operating RulePart 91
Engines2
Engine TypeTurboshaft
Engine DetailsP&W · PT6T-3B · Turboshaft · 1350 | Lycoming · IO-540-S1A5 · Reciprocating · 300
Seats7

People & Injuries

Injury Summary5 injuries (5 fatalities), 7 unknown outcomes
Fatal5
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured0
Total12
Crew 1Age 42 · Second Class
Crew 2Age 30 · Second Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind240° @ 10 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point63 F / 41 C
Altimeter30.00 inHg
Observation Time16:55

Appendix: Source Data