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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

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NTSB Report

July 2, 1991 · Learjet 23 · N500FM

Columbia, TN

Overview

Report Status
Probable Cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
July 2, 1991
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (2 uninjured)
Location
Columbia, TN
Aircraft
Learjet 23
Tail Number
N500FM
Operator
Connie Kalitta Services
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
ATL91LA122

THE PILOT HAD COMPUTED LANDING PERFORMANCE INFORMATION FOR A LANDING ON A WET RUNWAY WITH ANTI-SKID; SUFFICIENT RUNWAY SURFACE WAS AVAILABLE. TOUCHDOWN WAS NORMAL, HOWEVER DURING THE BRAKING PROCESS, THE AIRPLANE STARTED TO FISHTAIL AND THE PILOT BELIEVED THAT THE ANTI-SKID SYSTEM HAD FAILED. THEREFORE, THE PILOT TURNED THE ANTI-SKID SYSTEM OFF AND CONTINUED THE ROLLOUT WITH NORMAL BRAKING. THE AIRPLANE WENT OFF THE DEPARTURE END OF RUNWAY 05 AND SUSTAINED SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE. PERFORMANCE DATA INDICATED MORE RUNWAY SURFACE WAS REQUIRED FOR A SAFE LANDING ON A WET RUNWAY WITHOUT ANTI-SKID ASSISTANCE. THE BRAKING SEQUENCE OF EVENTS DESCRIBED BY THE PILOT RESEMBLED DYNAMIC HYDROPLANING WHERE THERE WAS A COMPLETE LOSS OF BRAKING EFFECTIVENESS RATHER THAN AN ANTI-SKID MALFUNCTION. AN EXAMINATION OF THE AIRPLANE FAILED TO DISCLOSE ANY MECHANICAL PROBLEMS.

NTSB Probable Cause

THE PILOT'S PREMATURE DECISION TO TURN OFF THE ANTI-SKID DURING LANDING ROLL. FACTORS TO THIS ACCIDENT WERE HYDROPLANING CONDITIONS.

Full Narrative

THE PILOT HAD COMPUTED LANDING PERFORMANCE INFORMATION FOR A LANDING ON A WET RUNWAY WITH ANTI-SKID; SUFFICIENT RUNWAY SURFACE WAS AVAILABLE. TOUCHDOWN WAS NORMAL, HOWEVER DURING THE BRAKING PROCESS, THE AIRPLANE STARTED TO FISHTAIL AND THE PILOT BELIEVED THAT THE ANTI-SKID SYSTEM HAD FAILED. THEREFORE, THE PILOT TURNED THE ANTI-SKID SYSTEM OFF AND CONTINUED THE ROLLOUT WITH NORMAL BRAKING. THE AIRPLANE WENT OFF THE DEPARTURE END OF RUNWAY 05 AND SUSTAINED SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE. PERFORMANCE DATA INDICATED MORE RUNWAY SURFACE WAS REQUIRED FOR A SAFE LANDING ON A WET RUNWAY WITHOUT ANTI-SKID ASSISTANCE. THE BRAKING SEQUENCE OF EVENTS DESCRIBED BY THE PILOT RESEMBLED DYNAMIC HYDROPLANING WHERE THERE WAS A COMPLETE LOSS OF BRAKING EFFECTIVENESS RATHER THAN AN ANTI-SKID MALFUNCTION. AN EXAMINATION OF THE AIRPLANE FAILED TO DISCLOSE ANY MECHANICAL PROBLEMS.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time18:56 CDT
Nearest AirportMaury County (0nm N)
Runway5
Runway Length5009 ft
Runway Width75 ft
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftLearjet 23
Tail NumberN500FM
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorConnie Kalitta Services
Operating RulePart 135
Engines2
Engine TypeTurbojet
Engine DetailsGe · CJ610-4 · Turbojet · 2850
Seats3

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (2 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured2
Total2
Crew 1Age 28 · First Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind290° @ 4 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point0 C / 0 C
Altimeter29.00 inHg
Observation Time21:00
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data