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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

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NTSB Report

July 8, 1999 · Piper PA-32R · N8451E

Fargo, ND

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
July 8, 1999
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (4 uninjured)
Location
Fargo, ND
Aircraft
Piper PA-32R
Tail Number
N8451E
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
CHI99LA219

The pilot reported the airplane had 70 gallons of fuel (3.5 hours) on board at departure. The flight lasted approximately 3.0 hours. The pilot reported that during the pre-landing checklist, the left fuel gauge indicated 10 to 11 gallons when the engine quit. The pilot switched the fuel selector to the right fuel tank that indicated 8 gallons, but switched the fuel selector back to the left tank since the left fuel gauge indicated more fuel. An engine restart was attempted, but it would not start. The pilot flared several feet high, the stall warning horn sounded, and the airplane landed hard. The inspection of the airplane revealed that the left fuel tank contained .75 gallons of fuel. The right fuel tank was compromised during landing. The fuel gauges were checked by putting 5 gallons of fuel in the left fuel tank and 5 gallons of fuel in the repaired right fuel tank. The right fuel gauge read correctly. The left fuel gauge read 3 gallons. The pilot reported that the left fuel gauge had a history of reading inaccurately on an intermittent basis since 1996. The airplane's listed unusable fuel was 5 gallons.

NTSB Probable Cause

fuel starvation due to the pilot's fuel mismanagement and the pilot's misjudgment of the landing flare.

Full Narrative

On July 8, 1999, at 1015 central daylight time, a Piper PA-32R, N8451E, was substantially damaged during a forced landing two miles from the Hector International Airport, Fargo, North Dakota. The 14 CFR Part 91 flight had departed Des Moines, Iowa, at 0715, en route to Fargo, which was an intermediate stop with a final destination of Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada. Visual meteorological condition prevailed and an IFR flight plan had been filed. The airplane was executing the ILS 35 approach when the engine started to sputter and then stopped. The airplane landed in a railroad switching yard. The commercial pilot and three passengers were not injured. The pilot reported the airplane had 70 gallons of fuel on board due to weight and balance conditions when they departed Des Moines, Iowa. The pilot reported that each tank had 35 gallons of fuel. The pilot reported that he calculated he had 3.5 hours of fuel on board and that the flight would last 2.8 hours. He reported he switched between the left and right fuel tanks every 20 to 25 minutes. The flight lasted approximately 3.0 hours. The pilot reported that he performed a pre-landing checklist prior to landing and he reported that the left fuel gauge indicated 10 to 11 gallons. He reported that he was on localizer and on glideslope with the airport in sight when the engine quit. The pilot reported that he switched the fuel selector to the right fuel tank that indicated eight gallons. The pilot reported that he thought the engine problem was related to the magneto so he switched the fuel selector back to the left tank since the left fuel gauge indicated more fuel. The pilot attempted to restart the engine but it would not start. The pilot executed a forced landing to a railroad switching yard. He reported he flared several feet high, the stall warning horn sounded, and the airplane landed hard. He reported the right wing was lower than the left wing and the airplane spun around to the right. The inspection of the airplane revealed the left fuel tank had .75 gallons of fuel. The right fuel tank was compromised during landing. The airplane's pilot's information handbook indicated the unusable fuel was five gallons. The fuel gauges were checked by putting in five gallons of fuel in the left fuel tank and five gallons of fuel in the repaired right fuel tank. The right fuel gauge read correctly. The left fuel gauge read three gallons. The pilot reported that the left fuel gauge had a history of reading inaccurately on an intermittent basis since 1996. He reported it had been serviced by a repair facility, but that the left fuel gauge still had an intermittent problem.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time10:15 CDT
Nearest Airport0nm
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftPiper PA-32R
Tail NumberN8451E
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · IO-540 · Reciprocating · 300
Seats6

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (4 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured4
Total4
Crew 1Age 64 · Third Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind20° @ 12 kt, gusting 19 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingBroken clouds 1400 ft
Temperature / Dew Point64 F / 63 F
Altimeter29.00 inHg
Observation Time15:15
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data