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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

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NTSB Report

September 29, 1990 · Boeing 727-251 · N278US

Detroit, MI

Overview

Report Status
Probable Cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
September 29, 1990
Injury Outcomes
4 injuries (2 serious injuries, 2 minor injuries), 128 uninjured
Location
Detroit, MI
Aircraft
Boeing 727-251
Tail Number
N278US
Operator
Northwest Airlines
Injuries
Serious
Aircraft Damage
Minor
NTSB Number
CHI90FA278

Four passengers were injured during the emergency evacuation following an APU fire. The crew reported the APU fire bell while taxiing. The captain elected to evacuate, but did not indicate the nature of the problem to either the cabin attendants or passengers. Several passengers used the overwing exits on the same side as the fire and were injured jumping off the wing. One said that the wing flaps were not lowered during the evacuation. The APU had been placarded inoperative prior to the flight. Crew advised in writing. The cockpit voice recorder tape was erased in the cockpit after the accident, so the flight crew's activities were not able to be reviewed. Post accident examination of the APU revealed that the fire started because of an attempted start of the defective unit. Prior to the flight, NWA maintenance attempted to make the APU inoperable from the cockpit by opening circuit breakers. The wrong circuit breaker was pulled, leaving the APU operable.

NTSB Probable Cause

THE INTENTIONAL ACTIVATION OF THE AUXILLARY POWER UNIT BY THE FLIGHT ENGINEER, AND THE IMPROPER EVACUATION PROCEDURES BY THE PILOT IN COMMAND. AN ASSOCIATED FACTOR IN THE ACCIDENT WAS THE APU CIRCUIT BREAKERS WERE NOT PULLED BY COMPANY MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL.

Full Narrative

FOUR PASSENGERS WERE INJURED DURING THE EMERGENCY EVACUATION FOLLOWING AN APU FIRE. THE CREW REPORTED THE APU FIRE BELL WHILE TAXIING. THE CAPT. ELECTED TO EVACUATE, BUT DID NOT INDICATE THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM TO EITHER THE CABIN ATTENDANTS OR PASSENGERS. SEVERAL PASSENGERS USED THE OVERWING EXITS ON THE SAME SIDE AS THE FIRE AND WERE INJURED JUMPING OFF THE WING. ONE SAID THAT THE WING FLAPS WERE NOT LOWERED DURING THE EVACUATION. THE APU HAD BEEN PLACARDED INOPERATIVE PRIOR TO THE FLIGHT. CREW ADVISED IN WRITING. THE COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER TAPE WAS ERASED IN THE COCKPIT AFTER THE ACCIDENT, SO THE FLIGHT CREW'S ACTIVITIES WERE NOT ABLE TO BE REVIEWED. POST ACCIDENT EXAMINATION OF THE APU REVEALED THAT THE FIRE STARTED BECAUSE OF AN ATTEMPTED START OF THE DEFECTIVE UNIT. PRIOR TO THE FLIGHT, NWA MAINTENANCE ATTEMPTED TO MAKE THE APU INOPERABLE FROM THE COCKPIT BY OPENING CIRCUIT BREAKERS. THE WRONG CIRCUIT BREAKER WAS FULLED, LEAVING THE APU OPERABLE.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time20:00 EDT
Nearest AirportDetroit Metropolitan (0nm N)
Runway0
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Aircraft FireGrd
Aircraft ExplosionGrd

Aircraft

AircraftBoeing 727-251
Tail NumberN278US
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageMinor
OperatorNorthwest Airlines
Operating RulePart 121
Engines3
Engine TypeTurbofan
Engine DetailsP&W · JT8D-15A · Turbofan · 15500
Seats146

People & Injuries

Injury Summary4 injuries (2 serious injuries, 2 minor injuries), 128 uninjured
Fatal0
Serious2
Minor2
Uninjured128
Total132
Crew 1Age 47 · First Class

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind170° @ 6 kt
Visibility6 sm
CeilingBroken clouds 15000 ft
Temperature / Dew Point61 F
Altimeter0
Observation Time23:00
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data