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NTSB Report

April 19, 2001 · Cessna 172P · N97984

Torrance, CA

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
April 19, 2001
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (1 uninjured)
Location
Torrance, CA
Aircraft
Cessna 172P
Tail Number
N97984
Operator
Richard Seals
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
LAX01LA150

During a touch-and-go landing, the aircraft veered off the runway, encountered soft terrain, and nosed over. No skid marks were found leading to the accident site. The tires were examined and no flat spots were observed. The airplane was uprighted and rolled to see if there was any resistance from the brakes. None was noted. The brakes were inspected and operated with no defects observed. The wind was calm at the time of the accident. The pilot received his private certificate on April 4, 2001, and had approximately 78 hours total time when the accident occurred. All of the pilot's primary flight training experience was accrued in the Katana DA-20 airplane. After obtaining his private pilot certificate, the pilot received 3.7 hours of flight instruction in the Cessna 172, and had logged an additional 2.4 hours of flight time prior to the accident. A flight instructor from the same flight school flew with the pilot in another Cessna 172 the day after the accident. He stated that the pilot had a tendency to land very flat, with no flare. The instructor was experienced in both the Katana DA-20 and the Cessna 172. He stated that the landing characteristics of the Katana require little or no flare by the pilot. In contrast, the Cessna 172 requires a considerable amount of flare to achieve a proper touchdown attitude. Since the pilot had received all of his primary training in a Katana, his tendency in any airplane would be to land it like a Katana. In the event of a nose first landing, the airplane will "wheel barrow" and can become nearly impossible to control. This landing condition can easily result in a rapid and uncontrollable change in direction on the runway.

NTSB Probable Cause

The failure of the pilot-in-command to execute a proper landing flare, which resulted in an improper touchdown attitude and a subsequent loss of directional control. A factor in the accident was the difference between landing characteristics of the Katana and the Cessna 172, and the resulting habit interference for the pilot.

Full Narrative

On April 19, 2001, at 0904 hours Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 172P, N97984, veered off runway 29 right and nosed over after encountering soft soil during a touch-and-go landing at Zamperini Field, Torrance, California. The airplane was operated by South Bay Aviation under 14 CFR Part 91, and was rented by the pilot. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed during the local flight, which departed Torrance approximately 0830. No flight plan was filed. The airplane was substantially damaged and there were no injuries to the pilot, who was the sole occupant of the airplane. The pilot stated that on his third landing, the airplane touched down, rolled a short distance, and then veered sharply to the right. Corrective actions could not stop the airplane from leaving the runway onto a plowed dirt boundary where it nosed over. According to the Torrance airport surface weather observation at 0855, the wind was calm. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector from the Long Beach, California, Flight Standards District Office responded to the scene, interviewed the pilot, and examined the airplane. The owner of the flight school examined the airplane and the runway. No skid marks were found leading to the accident site. The tires were examined and no flat spots were observed. The brakes were inspected and operated with no defects observed. The pilot received his private pilot certificate on April 4, 2001, and had approximately 78 hours total time when the accident occurred. The pilot had rented the Cessna 172 from the operator's flight school located on the Torrance airport. The pilot had received all of his primary training from this particular flight school, which consisted of 71 hours of flight time in Katana DA-20 airplanes. His private pilot flight evaluation, administered by an FAA designated pilot examiner, was also completed in a Katana DA-20. After obtaining his private pilot certificate, the pilot received 3.7 hours of flight instruction in the Cessna 172, and had logged an additional 2.4 hours of flight time prior to the accident. A flight instructor from the same flight school flew with the pilot in another Cessna 172 the day after the accident. He stated that the pilot had a tendency to land very flat, with no flare. The instructor was experienced in both the Katana DA-20 and the Cessna 172. He stated that the landing characteristics of the Katana require little or no flare by the pilot. In contrast, the Cessna 172 requires a considerable amount of flare to achieve a proper touchdown attitude. The instructor stated that, in general, the differences between a Katana and a Cessna are "night and day."

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time09:04 PDT
Nearest AirportTorrance Municipal Airport (0nm N)
Runway29R
Runway Length5000 ft
Runway Width150 ft
Flight Plan FiledNone
Flight Plan ActivatedNo
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftCessna 172P
Tail NumberN97984
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorRichard Seals
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · O-320-D2J · Reciprocating · 160
Seats4

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (1 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured1
Total1
Crew 1Age 50 · Third Class · None

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
WindCalm
Visibility7 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point59 / 52
Altimeter30.39 inHg
Observation Time15:55
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data