Premium research interface

The modern interface for aviation safety intelligence.

Search investigations, review source evidence, monitor watched reports, and trace long-term patterns from one calm, data-first workspace.

63k+
Reports indexed
1940-2026
Coverage
Recent
Last data refresh
Featured Report

Loading…

Loading featured report…

Loading…
Open Report

Safety trends by operating rule

Track fatal and non-fatal accident patterns across Part 91, Part 135, and Part 121 operations.

Loading trend charts…

Browse the aviation graph

Move quickly by aircraft, airport, operator, and time with indexes built for research, not wandering.

Last Data Update

By Decade

By Month

Aircraft Manufacturer

More manufacturers

Airports

More airports

Operators

More operators

About

Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

The goal is practical safety education: make it faster to find relevant investigations, compare similar events, review factual records, and understand the evidence behind probable-cause and preliminary reports.

The investigative work and source records belong to the National Transportation Safety Board and the published investigation record. This site is not affiliated with or endorsed by the NTSB.

FAQs

NTSB Report

November 20, 2001 · Boeing 727-233 · N277FE

Memphis, TN

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
November 20, 2001
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (5 uninjured)
Location
Memphis, TN
Aircraft
Boeing 727-233
Tail Number
N277FE
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
MIA02LA023

The flightcrew reported that while on final approach for runway 9 at Memphis, at between 1,700 and 2,000 feet agl, at 250 knots, they encountered a flock of large birds. A bird penetrated the airplane under the captain's windshield and bird remains entered the cockpit. They continued to Memphis and landed without further incident. Inspection of the airplane by an FAA inspector after landing showed damage to the area below the captain's windshield and two areas of damage on the right inboard wing area, due to bird strikes. Radar data from the FAA, Memphis Air Route Traffic Control Center, showed the flight was at about position 35 degrees, 3 minutes, 34 seconds North latitude, and 90 degrees, 4 minutes, 59 seconds West longitude, or about 6 nautical miles west of Memphis International Airport, at the time of the encounter. The FAA, Memphis Approach Control, personnel stated that the Automatic Terminal Information Service, information Romeo was in effect at the time of the accident which contained the 2353 surface weather observation, and that there was no bird activity reported in this information. Examination of feathers recovered from the cockpit and wing area of the aircraft was performed by personnel at The Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C. The feathers were identified as coming from a Snow Goose, with an average weight for this species of 2,450 grams.

NTSB Probable Cause

The inadvertent collision with birds while on final approach to land resulting in substantial damage to the airplane.

Full Narrative

On November 20, 2001, about 0027 central standard time, a Boeing 727-233, N277FE, registered to and operated by Federal Express Corporation, as flight 2287, a 14 CFR Part 121 domestic cargo flight from Colorado Springs, Colorado, to Memphis, Tennessee, collided with a flock of birds while on approach to land at Memphis International Airport. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and an instrument flight rules flight plan was filed. The airplane received substantial damage, and the airline transport-rated captain, first officer, flight engineer, and two passengers were not injured. The flight originated from Colorado Springs, on November 19, 2001, at 2247. The flightcrew reported that while on final approach for runway 9 at Memphis, at between 1,700 and 2,000 feet agl., at 250 knots, they encountered a flock of large birds. A bird penetrated the airplane under the captains windshield and bird remains entered the cockpit. They continued to Memphis and landed without further incident. Inspection of the airplane by an FAA inspector after landing showed damage to the area below the captain's windshield and two areas of damage on the right inboard wing area, due to bird strikes. Radar data from the FAA, Memphis Air Route Traffic Control Center, showed the flight was at about position 35 degrees, 3 minutes, 34 seconds North latitude, and 90 degrees, 4 minutes, 59 seconds West longitude, or about 6 nautical miles west of Memphis International Airport, at the time of the encounter. The FAA, Memphis Approach Control, personnel stated that the Automatic Terminal Information Service, information Romeo was in effect at the time of the accident which contained the 2353 surface weather observation, and that there was no bird activity reported in this information. (See attached Radar Data and Record of Telephone Conversation.) Examination of feathers recovered from the cockpit and wing area of the aircraft was performed by Carla Dove, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C. The feathers were identified as coming from Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens), with an average weight for this species of 2,450 grams. (See attached email from Carla Dove.)

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time00:27 CST
Nearest AirportMemphis International (0nm)
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Flight Plan ActivatedYes
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftBoeing 727-233
Tail NumberN277FE
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
Operating RulePart 121
Engines3
Engine TypeTurbofan
Engine DetailsP&W · JT8-17Q · Turbofan · 16000
Seats5

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (5 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured5
Total5
Crew 1Age 41 · First Class · None
Crew 2Age 54 · First Class · None
Crew 3Age 33 · First Class · None

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDark Night
Wind10° @ 10 kt, gusting 16 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point46 / 30 C
Altimeter30.27 inHg
Observation Time06:53
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data