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NTSB Report

July 14, 2004 · Bell 222U · N277LF

Louie Lake, ID

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
July 14, 2004
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (4 uninjured)
Location
Louie Lake, ID
Aircraft
Bell 222U
Tail Number
N277LF
Operator
Cj Systems Aviation Group
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
SEA04LA145

After the medical evacuation flight arrived at its designated landing zone (6,500 feet mean sea level/MSL), an out-of-ground-effect hover was accomplished to verify the aircraft's performance. The power check was good and a positive rate of climb was noted. After landing and the crew had exited the aircraft, the pilot departed the area to locate a landing zone closer to the pickup point of the crew and patient. A landing zone at the 6,600 foot level (MSL) was located 3/8 of a mile closer to the patient pickup point. While waiting to load the patient the pilot determined a takeoff could be made based on his review of the aircraft's takeoff performance data. After completing an in-ground-effect power check and initiating a vertical climbout, the pilot confirmed the helicopter would clear a 100 foot tree line as it began to transition forward. After clearing the tree line the pilot detected the aircraft lose all lift as the helicopter began to settle toward the approaching trees. Applying the remaining power, the RPM warning sounded, prompting the pilot to reduce collective, but only to realize that he was descending into approaching obstacles. Right pedal was applied in an attempt to return to the original point of departure, however, the rotor RPM had still not completely recovered and the aircraft continued to descend. The aircraft impacted a boulder, and with the RPM now fully recovered, the helicopter jumped back into the air. The aircraft then rotated 180 degrees before the pilot performed a hover autorotation. During the maneuver the tail rotor had impacted a tree branch which resulted in an 8 inch chord wise gash to one of the tail rotor blades. The pilot felt that as the helicopter was clearing the tree line it entered a downwind condition, a condition which he didn't anticipate, resulting in a reduced power margin with which to overcome the loss of lift. A weather reporting station located 7 miles west-northwest of the accident site reported the wind was variable at 3 knots. The density altitude was calculated to be 8,898 feet. The pilot did not assert that any mechanical malfunctions precipitated the accident.

NTSB Probable Cause

The failure of the pilot to maintain rotor rpm and his inadequate recovery from a bounced landing. Factors contributing to the accident included the tailwind condition and the tree.

Full Narrative

On July 14, 2004, approximately 1220 mountain daylight time, a Bell 222U helicopter, N277LF, was substantially damaged while maneuvering during departure from Louie Lake, Idaho. The helicopter was registered to PNC Leasing LLC of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and operated by CJ Systems Aviation Group, Inc., of West Mifflin, Pennsylvania. The commercial pilot, flight nurse, paramedic, and patient who was being transported were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the 14 CFR Part 135 medical evacuation flight, and a flight plan was not filed. The flight was originating at the time of the accident. In a written statement provided to the NTSB investigator-in-charge (IIC), the pilot reported that upon arrival at the designated landing zone (LZ), located 6,500 feet above mean sea level (MSL), "I told the crew we were going to perform an out-of-ground-effect (OGE) hover to verify the aircraft performance. The power check was good and we had a positive rate of climb OGE." The pilot reported that after landing and deplaning the crew, he decided to depart the LZ to locate another one which would be closer to the patient/crew pickup point. The pilot further reported locating an LZ about 3/8 of a mile closer to the pickup point at 6,600 feet MSL. The pilot stated that while waiting for the crew to load the patient he determined the passenger's weight, computed the [aircraft's] weight and balance, and checked his performance charts. The pilot reported, "Everything checked out fine and the patient was loaded. The crew checklist was completed and I performed [an] IGE (in-ground-effect) power check. All systems looked good and we departed at approximately 1220 hours." The pilot stated the aircraft performed well during the vertical climbout and he could see the helicopter would clear the 100 foot tree line as it began to transition forward. "As the rotor system cleared the tree line and forward progress was started, I felt the aircraft lose all lift and begin to settle back toward the approaching trees. I applied the remaining power that I had left." The pilot reported the audible RPM warning sounded, accompanied by a slight yaw. The pilot stated, "I reduced collective, realized I was descending into my obstacles, and essentially performed a quick stop, applied right pedal and attempted to return to the original point of departure." The pilot further stated that the rotor RPM had still not completely recovered at this point. "I attempted to cushion the impact with collective and we touched down in the confined area with zero ground speed." The pilot reported the left skid impacted a boulder, the RPM fully recovered, and the aircraft "jumped" back into the air. The pilot further reported, "We rotated 180 degrees [and] I responded by rolling the throttles off and performed a hover autorotation. [After landing] I performed the emergency shutdown and we evacuated the patient." The pilot further stated that there were several boulders where the helicopter impacted the terrain, and that the left skid tube between the crosstubes was broken. The pilot also reported that during the 180 degree rotation the tail rotor contacted a tree branch and damaged a tail rotor blade. The pilot stated that at the departure point the wind was calm and was shielded with tall tress. The pilot related, "It is my feeling that as I cleared the tree tops I entered a downwind condition. I did not anticipate this downwind condition and did not have enough of a power margin to overcome this loss of lift. The pilot did not assert that any mechanical malfunctions precipitated the accident. According to a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector, who conducted a post accident examination of the tail rotor, the helicopter had sustained an approximately 8 inch chordwise gash to one of the tail rotor blades as a result of the impact with the tree branch. According to the Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report provided to the IIC, weather conditions at the accident site were reported to be wind from the southeast at 10 knots with gusts to 10 knots, ceiling and visibility unlimited, temperature 70 degrees Fahrenheit, and an altimeter setting of 29.91 inches of Mercury. At 1250, the McCall Municipal Airport (MYL) Automatic Surface Observing System (ASOS), located 7 nautical miles west-northwest of the accident site elevation 5,021 feet MSL, reported wind variable at 3 knots, visibility 10 statute miles, sky clear, temperature 84 degrees Fahrenheit, dew point 48 degrees Fahrenheit, and an altimeter setting of 30.08 inches of Mercury. Density altitude at the accident site was calculated to be 8,898 feet.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time12:20 MDT
Nearest Airport0nm
Flight Plan FiledNone
Flight Plan ActivatedNo
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftBell 222U
Tail NumberN277LF
Aircraft CategoryHeli
DamageSubstantial
OperatorCj Systems Aviation Group
Operating RulePart 135
Engines2
Engine TypeTurboshaft
Engine DetailsHoneywell · LTS 101-750C1 · Turboshaft · 700 | Honeywell · LTS 101-750C1 · Turboshaft · 700
Seats5

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (4 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured4
Total4
Crew 1Age 32 · Second Class · None

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind135° @ 10 kt, gusting 10 kt
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point70 F / 0 C
Altimeter29.90 inHg
Weather SourcePILO

Appendix: Source Data