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NTSB Report

July 11, 2007 · Piper PA-31-350 · N105GC

Orlando, FL

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Incident
Date
July 11, 2007
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (1 uninjured)
Location
Orlando, FL
Aircraft
Piper PA-31-350
Tail Number
N105GC
Operator
Baer Air
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Minor
NTSB Number
NYC07IA164

The airplane had undergone routine maintenance, and was returned to service on the day prior to the incident flight. The mechanics who performed the maintenance did not secure the right engine cowling using the procedure outlined in the airplane's maintenance manual. The mechanic who had been working on the outboard side of the right engine could not remember if he had fastened the three primary outboard cowl fasteners before returning the airplane to service. During the first flight following the maintenance, the right engine's top cowling departed the airplane. The pilot secured the right engine, but the airplane was unable to maintain altitude, so he then identified a forced landing site. The airplane did not have a sufficient glidepath to clear a tree line and buildings, so he landed the airplane in a clear area about 1,500 yards short of the intended landing area. The airplane came to rest in a field of scrub brush, and about 5 minutes after the pilot deplaned, the grass under the left engine ignited. The subsequent brush fire consumed the airplane. Examination of the right engine cowling revealed that the outboard latching fasteners were set to the "open" position. When asked about the security of the cowling during the preflight inspection, the pilot stated that he "just missed it."

NTSB Probable Cause

The mechanic's failure to secure the right engine cowling fasteners. Contributing to the incident was the pilot's inadequate preflight inspection.

Full Narrative

On July 11, 2007, about 1215 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-31-350, N105GC, was undamaged following a forced landing to a field near Orlando, Florida. The certificated airline transport pilot was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and the airplane was operating on an instrument flight rules flight plan, destined for Orlando International Airport (MCO), Orlando, Florida. The positioning flight, which departed Melbourne International Airport (MLB), Melbourne, Florida, at 1143, was conducted under 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91. According to the operator, the airplane had undergone routine maintenance, and was returned to service on the day prior to the incident flight. The purpose of the incident flight was to reposition the airplane to MCO and pick up passengers for a 14 CFR Part 135 revenue flight. The incident flight was the first since the airplane was returned to service. While in cruise flight at 4,000 feet msl, the pilot heard a "loud bang," and saw that the right forward windscreen and right side window had broken. He then saw that the right engine's top cowling was missing, and felt the aircraft "shudder" as it began to descend. The "strong vibration" of the airframe continued, and the pilot elected to secure the right engine, and continued to the airplane toward MCO, the nearest suitable airport. Although full power was applied to the left engine, the airplane would not maintain altitude, so the pilot attempted to land the airplane on a paved site he had identified. The pilot subsequently realized, while attempting to land, that the airplane did not have a sufficient glidepath to clear a tree line and buildings, and landed the airplane in a clearing about 1,500 yards short of the intended landing area. The airplane came to rest in a field of scrub brush, and about 5 minutes after the pilot deplaned, the grass under the left engine ignited. The subsequent brush fire consumed the airplane. The pilot held an airline transport pilot certificate with ratings for airplane single and multiengine land, and instrument airplane. He reported 13,000 total hours of flight experience, 200 hours of which were in the incident airplane make and model. Examination of the remaining portion of the right engine cowling, by Federal Aviation Administration inspectors, revealed that the outboard latching fasteners were set to the "open" position. During an interview with company personnel, the mechanics who had performed the most recent maintenance on the airplane stated that they were comfortable with the cowling installation procedure, and did not reference the aircraft maintenance manual. A subsequent review of the maintenance manual revealed that the procedure the mechanics used was not the one described in the manual. The mechanic who had been working on the outboard side of the engine stated that he was not certain that he fastened the three primary outboard cowl fasteners before he left the airplane during the installation to retrieve a step ladder. Additionally, when asked about the security of the cowling during the preflight inspection, the pilot stated that he "just missed it."

Flight

Event TypeIncident
Event Time12:15 EDT
Nearest Airport0nm
Flight Plan FiledIFR
Flight Plan ActivatedYes
Aircraft FireGrd
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftPiper PA-31-350
Tail NumberN105GC
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageMinor
OperatorBaer Air
Operating RulePart 91
Engines2
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · TIO-540 · Reciprocating · 350
Seats10

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (1 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured1
Total1
Crew 1Age 54 · First Class · None

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind4 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingBroken clouds 3500 ft
Altimeter30.12 inHg
Observation Time15:53
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data