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NTSB Report

September 15, 2009 · Robinson Helicopter R22 · N796SH

Irvine, CA

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
September 15, 2009
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (2 uninjured)
Location
Irvine, CA
Aircraft
Robinson Helicopter R22
Tail Number
N796SH
Operator
Nu Vista Aviation
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
WPR09CA448

The flight instructor informed the private helicopter pilot under instruction (PUI) that the purpose of the practice autorotation was to demonstrate ways in which to reach a suitable landing zone in the event that an engine failure were to occur in an area with limited landing zones. The intention was to focus on the glide with a power recovery before the need to flare. The instructor entered the autorotation while the PUI observed. The instructor was demonstrating s-turns, beginning with a right 90-degree turn, followed by a left 180-degree turn, and ending with a right 90-degree turn to bring the helicopter back to the original heading. The rotor rpm remained in the green arc or above during the entire maneuver. During the last right 90-degree turn, the helicopter passed through what the instructor estimated to be 200 feet above ground level (agl), where he decided to discontinue the autorotation due to insufficient airspeed (40 KIAS), and a higher than expected rate of descent, which lead to a lower than anticipated height above ground. During the time it took for the instructor to decide to abort the autorotation, the helicopter had descended to approximately 20-30 feet agl. The instructor initiated a flare, and he focused on keeping the skids level, but the right skid hit a dirt ledge adjacent to the proposed landing spot that was approximately 6 feet higher than the surface of the intended landing zone. As the right skid impacted the ground, the helicopter pitched forward, and the nose impacted the ground. The pilot reported no mechanical failures or malfunctions at the time of the accident.

NTSB Probable Cause

The flight instructor's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed and his delayed recovery action during the practice autorotation, which resulted in a hard landing.

Full Narrative

The flight instructor informed the private helicopter pilot under instruction (PUI) that the purpose of the practice autorotation was to demonstrate ways in which to reach a suitable landing zone in the event that an engine failure were to occur in an area with limited landing zones. The intention was to focus on the glide with a power recovery before the need to flare. The instructor entered the autorotation while the PUI observed, but was not on the controls. The instructor was demonstrating s-turns, beginning with a right 90-degree turn, followed by a left 180-degree turn, and ending with a right 90-degree turn to bring the helicopter back to the original heading. The rpm remained in the green arc or above during the entire maneuver. During the last right 90-degree turn, the helicopter passed through what the instructor estimated to be 200 feet above ground level (agl), where he decided to discontinue the autorotation due to insufficient airspeed (40 KIAS), and a higher than expected rate of descent, which lead to a lower than anticipated height above ground. During the time it took for the instructor to decide to abort the autorotation, the helicopter had descended to approximately 20-30 feet agl. The instructor initiated a flare, and he focused on keeping the skids level, but the right skid hit a dirt ledge adjacent to the proposed landing spot that was approximately 6 feet higher than the surface of the intended landing zone. As the right skid impacted the ground, the helicopter pitched forward, and the nose impacted the ground. The pilot reported no mechanical failures or malfunctions at the time of the accident.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time19:06 PDT
Nearest Airport0nm
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftRobinson Helicopter R22
Tail NumberN796SH
Aircraft CategoryHeli
DamageSubstantial
OperatorNu Vista Aviation
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsLycoming · O-360 SERIES · Reciprocating · 180
Seats2

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (2 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured2
Total2
Crew 1Age 34 · First Class · None
Crew 2Age 23 · First Class · None

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind250° @ 7 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point68 F / 57
Altimeter29.95 inHg
Observation Time01:53
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data