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Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

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NTSB Report

November 18, 2009 · Bell 206B · N16869

Lyons, OR

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
November 18, 2009
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (1 uninjured)
Location
Lyons, OR
Aircraft
Bell 206B
Tail Number
N16869
Operator
Leading Edge Aviation
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
WPR10CA057

The purpose of the flight was for the pilot to relocate Christmas trees to a nearby drop site. The pilot said that as he was maneuvering the helicopter to the drop site with a load, the helicopter began to settle with power. In reaction he applied more collective to arrest the descent. The helicopter continued to descend and he then attempted to reduce the collective and maneuver forward. The helicopter touched down hard on the heels of the skids and the helicopter's nose came to rest in a pile of Christmas trees. According to the FAA's Rotorcraft Flying Handbook, when recovering from settling with power "the tendency on the part of the pilot is to first try to stop the descent by increasing collective pitch. However, this only results in increasing the stalled area of the rotor, thus increasing the rate of descent" and instead the pilot should recover by "increasing forward speed, and/or partially lowering collective pitch." The pilot stated that there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airframe or engine.

NTSB Probable Cause

The pilot's inadvertent encounter with a vortex ring state (settling with power) condition while he was descending, and his improper initial remedial action.

Full Narrative

The pilot reported that the purpose of the flight was to relocate Christmas trees to a nearby drop site. He had completed several loads over a duration of about 15 minutes. He said that as he was maneuvering the helicopter to the drop site with another load, the helicopter began to settle with power. In reaction he applied more collective in an effort to arrest the descent. The helicopter continued to descend and he attempted to reduce the collective and maneuver forward. The helicopter touched down hard on the heels of the skids and the helicopter's nose came to rest in a pile of Christmas trees. The tailboom was bent as a result of the hard landing. The pilot stated that there were no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airframe or engine. The Rotorcraft Flying Handbook, FAA-H-8083-21, Chapter 11, Helicopter Emergencies, Vortex Ring State (Settling With Power), states: "The following combination of conditions are likely to cause settling in a vortex ring state: 1. A vertical or nearly vertical descent of at least 300 feet per minute. (Actual critical rate depends on the gross weight, r.p.m, density altitude, and other pertinent factors.) 2. The rotor system must be using some of the available engine power (from 20 to 100 percent). 3. The horizontal velocity must be slower than effective translational lift." It adds that "When recovering from a settling with power condition, the tendency on the part of the pilot is to first try to stop the descent by increasing collective pitch. However, this only results in increasing the stalled area of the rotor, thus increasing the rate of descent. Since inboard portions of the blades are stalled, cyclic control is limited. Recovery is accomplished by increasing forward speed, and/or partially lowering collective pitch. In a fully developed vortex ring state, the only recovery may be to enter autorotation to break the vortex ring state. When cyclic authority is regained, you can then increase forward airspeed."

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time09:30 PST
Nearest Airport0nm
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireNo

Aircraft

AircraftBell 206B
Tail NumberN16869
Aircraft CategoryHeli
DamageSubstantial
OperatorLeading Edge Aviation
Operating RulePart 133
Engines1
Engine TypeTurboshaft
Engine DetailsRolls-Royc · 250-C20B · Turboshaft · 420
Seats5

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (1 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured1
Total1
Crew 1Age 45 · Third Class · None

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
WindCalm
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point45 C / 0 C
Altimeter30.10 inHg
Weather SourcePILO

Appendix: Source Data