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April 14, 2010 · Dalin Ronald K T-51 Mustang · N551RD

Lakeland, FL

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
April 14, 2010
Injury Outcomes
No injuries (2 uninjured)
Location
Lakeland, FL
Aircraft
Dalin Ronald K T-51 Mustang
Tail Number
N551RD
Operator
Dalin Ronald K
Injuries
None
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
ERA10LA229

During the initial climb, the engine of the amateur built airplane lost all power. Attempts to restore the engine power by the pilot were not successful as he maneuvered the airplane for a forced landing to a field. A postaccident examination of the airplane’s engine compartment revealed that the left and right exhaust manifold adapters were made of inadequate aluminum material. In particular, the right exhaust manifold was found loosely attached to its adaptor by only two bolts (upper) that were not secured with safety wire. The lower two bolts of the adaptor appeared to have completely vibrated loose and each of the four threaded bolt holes were found stripped. The adaptor material had various degrees of thermal damage and erosion which allowed exhaust impingement onto the crankshaft synchronizer and timing wires that were located directly below the damaged manifold adaptor. The wires’ insulation was found heat damaged and chafed leaving the wire conductors exposed. The orientation of the chafing of the exposed wire conductors was in a straight line, nearly perpendicular to the wire’s length and consistent with having contact with the right lower longeron. Operational testing of the synchronizer and timing sensors system using the airplane’s battery power and the heat damaged synchronizer and timing wires was satisfactory. The engine was then rotated through several rotations using the starter and the ignition system appeared to be operational. With battery power applied, the chafed electrical wires with the exposed conductors were then placed against the right lower longeron and the ignition system became inoperative.

NTSB Probable Cause

The builder’s use of inadequate material for the exhaust manifold adapters resulting in heat damage and chafing of the crankshaft synchronizer and timing wires that rendered an inoperative ignition system and loss of engine power.

Full Narrative

On April 14, 2010, about 1236 eastern daylight time, an experimental amateur-built T-51 Mustang, N551RD, registered to and operated by a private individual, sustained substantial damage during a forced landing after a loss of engine power in the vicinity of Lakeland, Florida. The private pilot and one passenger were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed for personal flight operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. The flight originated at 1231 from the Lakeland Linder Regional Airport (LAL), Lakeland, Florida, and was enroute to the South Lakeland Airport (X49), Lakeland, Florida. The pilot reported that after a preflight inspection and normal takeoff, he flew the airplane in the local traffic pattern for one circuit and then proceeded on a short flight toward his destination. While climbing through about 1,000 feet mean sea level with the flaps and landing gear retracted, the engine suddenly lost power. The pilot attempted to restore engine power by turning on the No. 2 master switch and also the No. 1 auxiliary fuel pump but he was not successful. He maneuvered the airplane toward a field for a forced landing and touched down on a dirt path with the gear and flaps retracted. The airplane came to rest upright about 155 feet from its initial touchdown point. Examination of the engine compartment by NTSB, FAA, and airplane designer representatives' in-situ at the accident site and after recovery revealed that the right exhaust manifold was secured to an aluminum exhaust manifold adapter by two bolts on the upper part of the adaptor. The two bolts on the lower part of the adaptor were not in position but were later found when the airplane was moved. There was no evidence that the two upper bolts had been safety wired. After removal of the right exhaust manifold, all four threaded holes of the aluminum manifold adapter were found stripped and heat damaged. The adapter also exhibited some erosion consistent with heat damage on the bottom center of the adaptor. The insulation of the crankshaft synchronizer and timing electrical wires located in the engine compartment beneath the right exhaust manifold were found heat damaged with chafed insulation and exposed conductors on two of the wires. The chafing through the insulation of the wires was in a straight line, nearly perpendicular to the wire length and was consistent with contact by the right lower longeron. The crankshaft synchronizer and timing electrical wires were not heat protected or fire-shielded. Operational testing of the synchronizer and timing sensors system using the airplane’s battery power and the heat damaged synchronizer and timing wires was satisfactory.. The engine was then rotated through several rotations using the starter and the ignition system appeared to be operational. With battery power applied, the chafed electrical wires with the exposed conductors were then placed against the right lower longeron and the ignition system became inoperative. Examination of the left exhaust manifold adapter which was manufactured from a similar material as the right side revealed that one of the upper bolts was found finger loose, and the bottom center portion also exhibited heat related erosion but to a lesser extent than the right side.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time12:36 EDT
Nearest Airport0nm
Flight Plan FiledNone
Flight Plan ActivatedNo
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftDalin Ronald K T-51 Mustang
Tail NumberN551RD
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorDalin Ronald K
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsHonda · J35A4 · Reciprocating · 245
Seats2

People & Injuries

Injury SummaryNo injuries (2 uninjured)
Fatal0
Serious0
Minor0
Uninjured2
Total2
Crew 1Age 37 · Third Class · None
Crew 2Age 46 · Third Class · None

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind50° @ 15 kt, gusting 18 kt
Visibility15 sm
CeilingBroken clouds 3500 ft
Temperature / Dew Point54
Altimeter30.26 inHg
Observation Time16:50
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data