Premium research interface

The modern interface for aviation safety intelligence.

Search investigations, review source evidence, monitor watched reports, and trace long-term patterns from one calm, data-first workspace.

63k+
Reports indexed
1940-2026
Coverage
Recent
Last data refresh
Featured Report

Loading…

Loading featured report…

Loading…
Open Report

Safety trends by operating rule

Track fatal and non-fatal accident patterns across Part 91, Part 135, and Part 121 operations.

Loading trend charts…

Browse the aviation graph

Move quickly by aircraft, airport, operator, and time with indexes built for research, not wandering.

Last Data Update

By Decade

By Month

Aircraft Manufacturer

More manufacturers

Airports

More airports

Operators

More operators

About

Aviation safety reports, made easier to study

NTSB Reports is an independent research and search tool for public aviation accident and incident records. It brings NTSB aviation reports, structured fields, docket files, extracted figures, photos, videos, and update history into one searchable interface.

The goal is practical safety education: make it faster to find relevant investigations, compare similar events, review factual records, and understand the evidence behind probable-cause and preliminary reports.

The investigative work and source records belong to the National Transportation Safety Board and the published investigation record. This site is not affiliated with or endorsed by the NTSB.

FAQs

NTSB Report

September 2, 2019 · Piper J3C 65 · N98278

Independence Charter Township, MI

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
September 2, 2019
Injury Outcomes
2 injuries (2 serious injuries)
Location
Independence Charter Township, MI
Aircraft
Piper J3C 65 (1946)
Tail Number
N98278
Operator
Private Individal
Injuries
Serious
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
CEN19LA297

The pilot of the float-equipped airplane had performed several takeoffs and landings before the accident takeoff. During the accident takeoff, he perceived a reduced climb performance that was exacerbated by turbulence. He maneuvered the airplane to avoid power lines, the airplane entered an aerodynamic stall, and impacted terrain. A postimpact fire ensued. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the empennage, fuselage, and both wings. The pilot stated that the floats were pumped before the flight, and that the engine did not show any indications of a malfunction. An examination of the wreckage did not reveal any anomalies. The airplane was operated near maximum gross weight, assuming no more than 8 gallons of fuel were onboard, and no water was in the floats. Although atmospheric conditions were conducive to the development of carburetor icing at glide power settings, whether carburetor icing contributed to the accident could not be determined. The reason for the reduced climb performance could not be determined.

NTSB Probable Cause

The reduction in climb performance for reasons that could not be determined. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane after the loss of performance.

Full Narrative

On September 2, 2019, about 1240 eastern daylight time, a float-equipped Piper J3C-65 airplane, N98278, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Independence Charter Township, Michigan. The pilot and passenger were seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. According to information collected by the responding Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector, the pilot had performed three previous takeoffs from Walters Lake. The pilot stated that, shortly following the accident takeoff, he noticed a reduced climb performance which he perceived was exacerbated by turbulence. He maneuvered to avoid high-tension power lines that ran east-west along the flight route. During the turn, the airplane entered an aerodynamic stall which the pilot was able to recover from; however, the airplane subsequently stalled a second time, and the pilot was unable to recover the airplane before the collision with terrain. The pilot and passenger were able to exit the airplane, and a post impact fire ensued. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the empennage, fuselage, and both wings. The pilot reported that the floats were “pumped” normally before the flight, and that the engine did not show any indications of a malfunction. Examination of the wreckage by the FAA did not reveal any anomalies. Calculations performed by the FAA inspector showed the airplane near, but not over the maximum takeoff weight. The fuel was estimated at 8 gallons but could not be verified due to the fire. A review of meteorological data indicated the potential for serious carburetor icing at glide power settings.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time12:40 EDT
Nearest Airport0nm
Flight Plan FiledNone
Aircraft FireGrd
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftPiper J3C 65
Tail NumberN98278
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
OperatorPrivate Individal
Operating RulePart 91
Engines1
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsContinental · C-85-12F · Reciprocating · 85
Seats2

People & Injuries

Injury Summary2 injuries (2 serious injuries)
Fatal0
Serious2
Minor0
Uninjured0
Total2
Crew 1Age 64 · Second Class · Serious

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind260° @ 6 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingBroken clouds 3500 ft
Temperature / Dew Point61 F
Altimeter30.05 inHg
Observation Time17:40
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data