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NTSB Report

June 17, 2024 · Lockheed 12 A · N2072

Jackson, GA

Overview

Report Status
Final with probable cause
Event Type
Accident
Date
June 17, 2024
Injury Outcomes
3 injuries (3 serious injuries)
Location
Jackson, GA
Aircraft
Lockheed 12 A (1936)
Tail Number
N2072
Injuries
Serious
Aircraft Damage
Substantial
NTSB Number
ERA24FA266

On June 17, 2024, at 1949 eastern daylight time, a Lockheed 12A airplane, N2072, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Jackson, Georgia. The flight instructor, commercial pilot, and one passenger were seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The airplane was landing on runway 36 at Seven Lakes Airport (62GA), Jackson, Georgia, when the accident occurred. A video of the landing recorded by a witness showed that the airplane veered off the left side of the runway during the landing roll. The airplane subsequently collided with trees. Examination of the airplane at the accident site revealed that the airplane came to rest about 1,682 ft down runway 36, about 50 ft from the left side of the runway. The airplane's cockpit was crushed aft toward the cabin. A tree trunk about 2 ft in circumference was observed within the cockpit. The instrument panel was buckled around the tree trunk. The pilot, co-pilot, and passenger seats were crushed up and aft. All flight control surfaces remained intact, and flight control continuity was traced from the flight control surfaces to the cockpit. The flaps were found in the extended position. The engine throttle controls were in the closed position, the left and right propellers were in the “high pitch/decrease rpm” position, and the left and right engine mixture controls were in the lean position. The left fuel tank selector was in the “OFF” position, while the right fuel tank selector was displaced from the panel, and its position could not be reliably determined. The carburetor heat controls were in the cold position. The flight control lock was released. The tailwheel lock control lever was found in the locked position, but the locking tab mechanism on the tailwheel assembly was unlocked. Examination of the main landing gear braking system revealed that the steel braided brake line B-nut fitting, which connected the right brake caliper to the rigid brake line attached to the right landing gear strut, was finger-tight, and hydraulic fluid was observed leaking from the fitting. The respective B-nut fitting on the left main landing gear was tight and could not be moved by hand. No fluid leakage was observed from this fitting, but hydraulic fluid residue was present around it. The airplane was recovered and retained for further examination.

NTSB Probable Cause

Maintenance personnel’s failure to properly secure the right brake line, which resulted in a loss of right brake effectiveness during the landing roll and a subsequent runway excursion.

Full Narrative

On June 17, 2024, at 1949 eastern daylight time, a Lockheed 12A airplane, N2072, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Jackson, Georgia. The commercial pilot and two passengers were seriously injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. According to the pilot, maintenance was performed 10 days before the accident, on June 7, 2024, to replace the right main landing gear strut seals. The maintenance required removal of the right landing gear strut assembly, and the associated brake line was disconnected and capped during the procedure. The pilot reported that, following reinstallation of the strut assembly, the brake lines were reconnected and tightened. On June 10, 2024, the right landing gear strut was serviced with nitrogen, and the brake system was checked with no anomalies or hydraulic leaks noted. The pilot reported that, on the day of the accident, he conducted a preflight inspection and observed no discrepancies or hydraulic leaks. He completed an engine run-up and observed no anomalies. The pilot stated that he relied on differential braking for directional control during ground operations because the airplane was not equipped with a steerable tailwheel. Although the tailwheel was equipped with a locking mechanism, the pilot reported that he typically did not engage the lock in order to maintain maneuverability on narrow runways. The pilot reported that the local flight was uneventful. During the landing roll, after the tailwheel contacted the runway, he applied the brakes and noted that the right brake pedal was ineffective. The airplane subsequently veered left, and the pilot elected to shut down the engines as the airplane departed the narrow runway and impacted a tree. The pilot reported that the right engine briefly continued operating after impact until it was shut down. A witness video of the landing roll confirmed that the airplane began to veer left shortly after the tailwheel contacted the runway. A postaccident examination of the airplane revealed a loose right brake line fitting near a section of the landing gear assembly that flexed during gear movement. Hydraulic fluid leakage was observed at the brake line fitting, and the brake line B-nut fitting was found finger-tight. Hydraulic fluid residue was also observed on and around the B-nut fitting mount. A digital video camera was recovered from the wreckage and its contents were successfully downloaded. The video files included portions of the accident flight, but not the landing or accident sequence.

Flight

Event TypeAccident
Event Time19:49 EDT
Nearest AirportSeven Lakes Airport (0nm NNW)
Runway36
Runway Length2930 ft
Runway Width130 ft
Flight Plan FiledNone
Flight Plan ActivatedNo
Aircraft FireNo
Aircraft ExplosionNo

Aircraft

AircraftLockheed 12 A
Tail NumberN2072
Aircraft CategoryAir
DamageSubstantial
Operating RulePart 91
Engines2
Engine TypeReciprocating
Engine DetailsPratt & Whitney · R-985-AN 14B · Reciprocating · 450 | Pratt & Whitney · R-985AN-3- 14 · Reciprocating · 450
Seats5

People & Injuries

Injury Summary3 injuries (3 serious injuries)
Fatal0
Serious3
Minor0
Uninjured0
Total3
Crew 1Age 63 · First Class · Serious
Crew 2Age 57 · Third Class · Serious
Crew 3Serious

Conditions

ConditionsVMC
LightDaylight
Wind130° @ 3 kt
Visibility10 sm
CeilingNone
Temperature / Dew Point61 F
Altimeter30.08 inHg
Observation Time19:55
Weather SourceWFAC

Appendix: Source Data